Nifedipine Cyclosporine

Micafungin, anidulafungin Micafungin increases levels of nifedipine, cyclosporine, sirolimus anidulafungin is relatively free of this interaction ... 

Rifampin is known to induce the hepatic microsomal enzymes that metabolize various drugs such as acetaminophen, oral anticoagulants, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, beta blockers, chloramphenicol, clofibrate, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, disopyramide, estrogens, hydantoins, mexiletine, quinidine, sulfones, sulfonylureas, theophyllines, tocainide, verapamil, digoxin, enalapril, morphine, nifedipine, ondansetron, progestins, protease inhibitors, buspirone, delavirdine, doxycycline, fluoroquinolones, losartan, macrolides, sulfonylureas, tacrolimus, thyroid hormones, TCAs, zolpidem, zidovudine, and ketoconazole. The therapeutic effects of these drugs may be decreased. 

Phenobarbital Enhances phasic GABAa receptor responses reduces excitatory synaptic responses Nearly complete absorption not significantly bound to plasma proteins peak concentrations in Vi to 4 h no active metabolites tjy2 varies from 75 to 125 h Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, myoclonic seizures, generalized seizures, neonatal seizures, status epilepticus Toxicity Sedation, cognitive issues, ataxia, hyperactivity Interactions Valproate, carbamazepine, felbamate, phenytoin, cyclosporine, felodipine, lamotrigine, nifedipine, nimodipine, steroids, theophylline, verapamil, others... 

Calcium channel blockers are considered the drug of first choice for the treatment of posttransplant I hypertension since they increase renal blood flow. Nifedipine, isradipine and amlopidine show little interac-l tion with cyclosporine-A. Diltiazem and verapamil elevate cyclosporine-A levels. I... 

Cyt 3A3/4 metabolizes clozapine, sertindole, quetiapine common substrates -tricyclic antidepressants, nefazodone, sertraline, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, terfenadine, benzodiazepines, diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil, erythromycin, cyclosporine, lidocaine, quinidine, cisapride, paracetamol. Common inhibitors -nefazodone, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, ketoconazole. 

Cytochrome P450 3A4 is highly expressed in the human small intestinal mucosa, and is responsible for the metabolism of cyclosporine, midazolam, clozapine and saquinavir during passage across the intestinal mucosa. Indeed, inhibition of presystemic metabolic processes is likely to be a factor in a 34% to 103% increase in the bioavailability of nifedipine observed in individuals consuming grapefruit juice. 

A4 Midazolam, Testosterone (strongly recommended to use at least two structurally unrelated substrates) Nifedipine, Felodipine, Cyclosporine, Terfenadine, Erythromycin, Simvastatin Ketoconazole (recent evidence that it is also a potent inhibitor of 2C8), Troleandomycin Cyclosporine... 

Abacavir Adinazolam 5-Aminosalicylic acid Atorvastatin Avitriptan Bromazepam Bumetanide Celecoxib CGP 43371 Clodronate Cyclosporin Danazol Didanosine Erythromycin Fexofenadine Furosemide Ganciclovir Halofantrine Inidnavir Itraconazole Levofloxacin Methotrexate Nifedipine Pravastatin Rifabutin Stavudine Tacrine... 

Sooriyamoorthy M, Gower DB, Eley BM. Androgen metabolism in gingival hyperplasia induced by nifedipine and cyclosporin. J Periodontal Res 1990 25(l) 25-30. 

Bokenkamp A, Bohnhorst B, Beier C, Albers N, Offner G, Brodehl J. Nifedipine aggravates cyclosporine A-induced gingival hyperplasia. Pediatr Nephrol 1994 8(2) 181-5. 

Thomason JM, Seymour RA, Rice N. The prevalence and severity of cyclosporin and nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol 1993 20(l) 37-40. 

FeehaUy J, Walls J, Mistry N, Horsbnrgh T, Taylor J, Veitch PS, Bell PR. Does nifedipine amehorate cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity BMJ (Chn Res Ed) 1987 295(6593) 310. 

Pernu HE, Knuuttila ML. Macrophages and lymphocyte subpopulations in nifedipine- and cyclosporin A-associated human gingival overgrowth. J Periodontol 2001 72(2) 160-6. 

McFadden JP, Pantin JE, Parkes AV, et al. Cyclosporin decreases nifedipine metabolism. BMJ 1989 299 1224. 

Sanchez-Lozada LG, Gamba G, Bolio A, Jimenez F, Herrera-Acosta J, Bobadilla NA. Nifedipine prevents changes in nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels induced by cyclosporine. Hypertension 2000 36 642-647. 

ChanderV, Chopra K. Nifedipine attenuates changes in nitric oxide levels, renal oxidative stress, and nephrotoxicity induced by cyclosporine. Ren Fail 2005 27 441-450. 

Darlametsos IE, Papanikolaou EN, Varonos DD. Effect of nifedipine in cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats roles of the thromboxane and endothelin systems. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2000 63 263-269. 

Harper SJ, Moorhouse J, Abrams K, Jurewicz A, Nicholson M, HorsburghT, Harris K, Combe C, Bell PR, Walls J, Donnelly PK,Veitch PS, Feehally J.The beneficial effects of oral nifedipine on cyclosporin-treated renal transplant recipients-a randomised prospective study.TranspI Int 1996 9 115-125. 

McCulloch TA, Harper SJ, Donnelly PK, Moorhouse J, Bell PR, Walls J, Feehally J, Furness PN. Influence of nifedipine on interstitial fibrosis in renal transplant allografts treated with cyclosporin A. J Clin Pathol 1994 47 839-842. 

Tamoxifen is absorbed orally, with peak concentrations in 4-7 h, biphasic decline in plasma concentration, and a terminal half-life of 7 days. The predominant metabolite is N-desmethyltamoxifen, which has a half-life of 14 days. However, a minor metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, is also generated. Both of these are further metabolized to 4-hydroxy-N-desmethylta-moxifen. In vitro studies showed that erythromycin, cyclosporin, nifedipine, and kiltiazem competitively inhibited formation of the latter metabolite. Steady-state levels are achieved after approximately 4 weeks of treatment. Tamoxifen is enterohepatically recirculated and excreted primarily in the stool. 

In spite of the many papers published on them and the often major improvements in bioavailability and the stability they provide, solid solutions and dispersions in povidone have up to now only found use in a few commercial products. Tables 81 and 82 show how phenytoin and nifedipine, for example, can be processed relatively straightforwardly in the form of a physical mixture or coprecipitate with povidone. Cyclosporine, oxodipine and spironolactone tablets or nor-ethindrone suppositories are further examples [508,533,566,575]. It is interesting to compare the dissolution data for phenytoin after manufacture and after two years storage at room temperature in Figs. 52 and 53 no major difference can be seen. 

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