Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , gold

C.X. Cai, H.X. Ju, and H.Y Chen, Catalytic oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at a microband gold electrode modified with nickel hexacyanoferrate. Anal. Chim. Acta 310, 145-151 (1995). 

Surface-enhanced near-infrared Raman spectroscopy has been utilized to study the behavior of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide on a gold electrode [303]. It has been found that either adenine or nicotinamide moiety changes its adsorption states during potential scanning. 

Taniguchi, L. Umekita, K., and Yasukouchi, K. (1986) Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ) adsorbed on silver and gold electrodes. 

One example of this type of electrodes is a gold electrode covered by a self-assembled monolayer of gluthation and covalently bound fuUerene [70], that has been proposed for the consecutive electro-oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to NAD. ... 

Numerous redox enzymes utilize NAD(P)VNAD(P)H cofactor systems. The NADH or NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) cofactors were found to enlarge gold nanoparticle seeds by the reduction of AuC ". The reduction of the salt was found to proceed in two steps (Eqs. 28.1 and 28.2). First, the gold 111 ion is rapidly reduced to gold 1 and then is reduced by NADH in the presence of gold nanoparticle seeds acting as catalyst to the enlarged particles [22],... 

The detection of DNA hybridization using electrochemical readout is particularly attractive for the development of clinical diagnostics. The use of nanostructured materials in electrical detection for biomolecular sensing offers unique opportunities for electrochemical transduction of DNA sensing events. Tian and co-workers [175] have reported that PANI/Gold nanoparticle multilayer films electrocatalyze the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and detect DNA hybridization by both an electrochemical method and by surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence... 

Similarly, in 2006, Ivnitski et al. demonstrated the anchoring of GOx to CNTs and observed DET between the active site of the enzyme and MWCNTs that were grown directly on a Toray carbon paper electrode [55], This technique works for other cofactors such as pyrroloquinoUne quinone (PQQ), which when covalently bound to a gold electrode and subsequently modified with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ) can be used to reconstitote enzymes such as PQQ-dependent lactate dehydrogenase [56,57],... 

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