NF-kB signalling pathway

Courtois G, Gilmore TD (2006) Mutations in the NF-kB signaling pathway implications for human disease. Oncogene 25 6831-6843... 

FIGURE 8.1 Inhibition of the NF-kB signaling pathway with celastrol 76. 

The inhibition of the phosphorylation of IkBoc by celastrol in the NF-kB signaling pathway is not cell specific72-75 and thus significantly broadened the potential medicinal applications of natural triterpene QMs. Celastrol 76 has been evaluated in the treatment of Crohn s disease,76 which is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, celastrol 76 reduced the levels of... 

Fig. 3.6 The NF-kB signaling pathway. NF-kB is a P50/P65 heterodimer that is present in the cytoplasm in an inactive form as it is noncovalently associated with IkB. IkB is an inhibitor of NF-kB and prevents its migration and gene expression signal in the nucleus. Selected cytokines after binding to their specific receptors phosphorylate IkB resulting in its degradation, which removes the inactivity barrier from NF-kB. This is followed by the migration of NF-kB into the nucleus where it binds to specific genes and results in their induction and gene expression (see Color Insert)...

Activator protein-1, CRE, and NF-kB signaling pathways have been well studied and are now considered to be key players in the control of cell... 

Zhou, C., Tabb, M.M., Nelson, E.L., Grun, F., Verma, S., Sadatrafiei, A., Lin, M., Mallick, S., Forman, B.M., Thummel, KE. and Blumberg, B. (2006) Mutual repression between steroid and xenohiotic receptor and NF-kB signaling pathways links xenohiotic metabolism and inflammation. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 116, 2280-2289. 

Why is the signaling pathway that activates NF-kB considered to be relatively irreversible compared to cytokine or receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways Nonetheless, NF-kB signaling must be downregulated eventually. How is the NF-kB signaling pathway turned off ... 

Inhibition of osteoclastogenic differentiation by ikarisoside A (Fig. 32.2C) in RAW 264.7 cells via JNK and NF-kB signaling pathways have been recently reported (Choi et al., 2010). Lucas et cd. (2003) studied the modulatory effect of bolinaquinone (Fig. 32.2D), a marine sesquiter-penoid, on acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Fucoxanthin (Fig. 32.2E) that induces apoptosis also induced osteoclast differentiation in a study conducted by Das et al. (2010). 

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