New Chemical Entity discovering

Improved bioavailability. More than 40% of the NCEs (new chemical entity) discovered have good membrane permeability but poor aqueous solubility (i.e.. Biopharmaceutics Classification System II). By formulating the NCE in solution inside a Softgel (e.g., lipid based) or in micro/nano emulsion, the solubility and hence the bioavailability of the compound may be improved. ... 

Self-originated NCEs A new chemical entity discovered, developed, and brought to market by a single company. 

On the question of technical efficiency, results are also mixed. The productivity of pharmaceutical research funds has receded sharply in recent years, at least when measured by the number of new chemical entities introduced and the cost of discovering and developing these products has correspondingly increased. The promise of a science-based research process has not led to the greater efficiency that was projected by its early proponents. 

When a medicinal chemist discovers a new chemical entity (NCE) with a desired pharmacological effect, structure-activity relationships are used to optimize the series for biological activity. Aqueous... 

Characterizing the hazards of new chemical entities is as much of an art as it is a science. As they are new, there is usually no information available on the specific compound, and it can be several months to years after the discovery of the new chemical entity before it can be well-characterized from a health and safety perspective. This is due to a number of reasons. First, enough of the compound needs to be synthesized so that there is a sufficient quantity available for testing and analysis. As the yields early on are quite small, it may take several syntheses before there is sufficient material for testing. Secondly, complete hazard characterization is expensive it is cost prohibitive to conduct extensive testing on every newly discovered compound. In addition, a vast percentage of new compounds will never become approved drugs. 

This diagram is not a comprehensive guide to drug discovery. However, it does show that the chemists discover new chemical entities with desirable properties. In vitro biochemistry is followed by initial in vivo work in the rat which is conducted with pharmacokinetic support and in vitro drug metabolism in parallel. Compounds meeting pre-arranged criteria proceed through... 

Table 2 Different Method of Discovering New Chemical Entities (NCE)...

A. B. Astra soon realized that Ugi s group had introduced this new 4CR, but had rather different interests and concepts. The company was mainly interested in avoiding competition from others, whereas Ugi proposed that, by this new 4CR, similar collections of compounds with the same reaction and thus backbone could be produced simultaneously. These compounds should be tested in order to find many new chemical entities with similar or even better biological properties. Hopefully, many local anesthetics can be discovered in future using this approach. 

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