Neutrophil abnormal numbers

The leukocyte response is inadequate in a great number of clinical conditions. Most of the disorders described have been associated with an increased susceptibility to infections. However, the biochemical or molecular level of the various defects have not been clearly established, except for some genetically determined deficiencies. A few examples of neutrophil abnormalities will be given in the two subsequent sections, but for a more complete insight into PMN phagocytic disorders, general reviews and monographs are available (K2, B2, Wl, W3, K3). 

Bacterial infections are associated with elevated granulocyte counts (neutrophils, basophils), often with increased numbers of immature forms (band neutrophils) seen in peripheral blood smears (left-shift). With infection, peripheral leukocyte counts may be very high, but are rarely higher than 30,000 to 40,000/mm3. Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) after the onset of infection indicate an abnormal response and are generally associated with a poor prognosis for bacterial infection. 

The inflammatory response in HIE patients is strikingly abnormal, despite the large local infections that occur. Neutrophils are present only at low numbers in these sites. It has been suggested that too few neutrophils arrive too late to deal with the pathogens, which thus have the opportunity... 

Abnormal accumulation of elastase, a serine proteinase from human neutrophil, causes a number of acute and chronic inflammation diseases (Bernstein et al, 1994, cited in (1)). There is a demand for specific and potent exogenous inhibitors of proteinases, such as HNE, associated with these inflammatory processes (Stemlicht and Werb, 1999, cited in (1)). The serine proteinase inhibitor from tamarind seeds needs to be studies to determine whether it could have such application. Anti-inflammatory properties of tamarind fmit pulp were reported (7). 

Neutropenia is an abnormally reduced number of neutrophils circulating in peripheral blood. Although exact definitions of neutropenia often vary, an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of fewer than 1000 cells/mm indicates a reduction sufficient to predispose patients to infection. The ANC is the sum of the absolute numbers of both mature neutrophils (polymorphonuclear cells [PMNs], also called polys or segs) and immature neutrophils (bands). The absolute number of PMNs and bands is determined by dividing the percentage of these cells (obtained from the white blood cell [WBC] differential) by 100 and then multiplying the quotient obtained by the total number of WBCs. 

Neutropenia— An abnormally reduced number of neutrophils circulating in peripheral blood although exact definitions of neutropenia often vary, an absolute neutrophil count of < 1000 ceUs/mm indicates a reduction sufficient to predispose patients to infection. 

Neutropenia An abnormal decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood patients with neutropenia are susceptible to serious infection... 

Leukopenia (A decrease in the number of circulating white cells in the blood) Neutropenia (abnormal decrease in the number of neutrophils, which are the most common type of white blood cells in the blood) Thrombocytopenia (decreased number of platelets in the blood)... 

The presence of neutrophile cells (white blood cells which do not stain readily) in abnormally small numbers in the... 

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