Neuroleptics noradrenaline effects

Set against this background is the finding that the inhibition of [ H]noradrenaline uptake by the neuroleptic, chlorpromazine, is even greater than that of imipramine and yet chlorpromazine has no apparent antidepressant effects. This serves as a testimony... 

The Rauwolfla alkaloid reserpine was originally used as a neuroleptic/antipsychotic agent. It was then discovered to be an effective antihypertensive agent. Reserpine causes depletion of the noradrenaline stores in peripheral postganglionic sympathetic neurons. In addition it causes depletion of noradrenalin in central nervous structures involved in the regulation of blood pressure. 

Zotepine, like ziprasidone, is a potent 5-HT2 antagonist which also reduces the reuptake of noradrenaline. Its side effects, sedation and postural hypotension, are attributable to its antagonistic action on histaminel and alpha-1 receptors. Zotepine, which has not yet been marketed in Europe, may have a similar profile to ziprasidone and could be useful in the treatment of depression associated with schizophrenia. Because of the evident clinical superiority of the atypical antipsychotics over the traditional neuroleptics, the World Psychiatric Association Task Force has... 

The application of R. leads to a reduction in the levels of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin in the synapses R. binds irreversibly to the transport system of noradrenaline (NA) so that the re-uptake of NA in the vesicles of the synapses is inhibited. Thus, transmission of stimuli is reduced, the blood pressure decreases with a concomitant central sedation. R. thus acts as a neuroleptic agent. The side effects of an overdose may include diarrhea, elevated secretion of saliva and gastric juices, depression, and Parkinson s disease. R. is suspected of being carcinogenic since in female patients an increased incidence of breast cancer seems to occur. The roots of R. serpentirm have been used in India for centuries as a sedative they also contain yohimbine. The first total synthesis was achieved by Woodward, for stereospecific synthesis, see Lit.. Deserpidine (11-demethoxyreserpine, canescine, recanescine, CsaHjgNjOg, Mr 578.64, cryst., mp. 228-230°C, [a]o-163° (pyridine) is also aRauvo/-fia alkaloid it exists in polymorphic forms and also lowers the blood pressure. 

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