Nephritis acute bacterial

Acute Bacterial Nephritis 304 Renal Abscess 304 Cystic Pyelitis and Ureteritis 304 Pyonephrosis 304... 

Acute bacterial nephritis or acute lobar nephronia is an unusual form of APN and refers to a localized hemorrhage or necrosis superimposed on the local infection on US, the areainvolved appearshyperechoic without clear limits (Fig. 15.14a) (Rigsby et al. 1986 Avni et al. 1988a). This probably corresponds to a pre-abscess formation stage (Talner et al. 1994). 

Other causes of acute nephritis are reactions to drugs, acute infection of the kidneys, systemic diseases with immune complexes such as SLE, bacterial endocarditis, and finally disease in which the antigen is unknown but possibly related to antecedent viral infections. 

Serum complement levels are useful to distinguish between various forms of acute nephritis that may be due to either a primary renal disorder or a systemic disease. Glomerular diseases associated with decreased complement levels include systemic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, subacute bacterial endocarditis, and cryoglobulinemia, and renal diseases such as acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Glomerular diseases in which serum complement levels are normal include systemic diseases such as Goodpasture s syndrome and renal diseases such as IgG-IgA nephropathy, antiglomerular basement membrane disease, and immune-complex disease. 

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