Needles, sterile

Vaccination against viruses, such as influenza and measles, commonly involves parenteral (subcutaneous or intramuscular) administration of a live, attenuated virus or a killed virus. The inhalation route is being examined as a means of immunizing patients because it circumvents logistical problems associated with parenteral administration, such as needle sterility issues, patient aversion to needles, and the need for administration by a health care professional. In very young children, maternally derived IgG antibodies may prevent successful immunization [118]. The inhalation route may allow vaccination of these children because the immunological response of the airways is less likely to be influenced by maternal antibodies [118], Aerosol immunization has been shown to be effective against measles [119] and, in some respects, is more efficacious than parenteral immunization [120],... 

Emulsion supplies and reagents petn dish, razor blades, 5-mL synnges (18-, 20-, 22-gage needles), sterile physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). 

Surgical sutures are sterile, flexible strands used to close wounds or to tie off tubular structures such as blood vessels. Made of natural or synthetic fiber and usually attached to a needle, they are available ia monofilament or multifilament forms. Sutures are classified by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) (1) as either absorbable or nonabsorbable. The USP also categorizes sutures according to size (diameter) and Hsts certain performance requirements. Sutures are regulated by the Food and Dmg Administration (FDA) as medical devices under the Food, Dmg, and Cosmetics (FDC) Act of 1938, the Medical Device Act of 1976, and the Medical Device Reporting regulation of 1995. 

For patients who have difficulty swallowing dilti-azem, tablets can be crushed and mixed with food or liquids. However, the patient should swallow the sus-tained-released tablets whole and not chew or divide them. When nifedipine is ordered sublingually, the capsule is punctured with a sterile needle and the liquid squeezed under the tongue or in the buccal pouch. 

In radiation sterilization of disposable supplies such as hypodermic syringes, needles, catheters, and sterile dressings in medicine. 

Needles (disposable) Gamma-radiation Ethylene oxide Sterilization Gamma-radiation ... 

Various drugs are known to exist in different polymorphic forms (e.g., cortisone and prednisolone). The rate of conversion from a metastable into the stable form is an important criteria to be considered with respect to the shelf life of a pharmaceutical product. Polymorphic changes have also been observed during the manufacture of steroid suspensions. When steroid powders are subjected to dry heat sterilization, subsequent rehydration of anhydrous steroid in the presence of an aqueous vehicle results in the formation of large, needle-like crystals. A similar effect may be... 

A new antiviral agent, developed for treatment of CMV retinitis, can be administered by intravitreal injection. Formivirsen sodium is a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide that inhibits CMV replication through an antisense mechanism. It is formulated as a sterile and preservative-free solution and supplied in single-use vials (Vitravene ). The product is administered directly into the vitreous cavity posterior to the limbus through a 30-gauge needle. This procedure can be performed on an... 

Primary axillary hyperhidrosis (Botox only) The recommended dose is 50 units per axilla. Define the hyperhidrotic area to be injected using standard staining techniques (eg. Minor s Iodine-Starch Test). Botulinum toxin type A is reconstituted with 0.9% nonpreserved sterile saline (100 units/4 mL). Using a 30-gauge needle, 50 units of botulinum toxin type A (2 mL) is injected intradermally in 0.1 to 0.2 mL aliquots to each axilla evenly distributed in multiple sites (10 to 15) approximately 1 to 2 cm apart. 

Blepharospasm (Botox only) For blepharospasm, reconstituted botulinum toxin type A is injected using a sterile, 27- to 30-gauge needle without electromyographic guidance. The initial recommended dose is 1.25 to 2.5 units (0.05 to 0.1 mL volume at... 

If bubbles form, use a heated sterile needle to destroy them. 

Dosage form NovoLog is a sterile, aqueous, clear, and colorless solution that contains insulin aspart 100 units/ml. NovoLog is available in 10 ml vials and 3 ml PenFill cartridges, each containing 100 units of insulin aspart per ml. NovoLog PenFill cartridges are for use with proprietary delivery devices and disposable needles. 

Using a sterile, nonpyrogenic disposable syringe and needle, inject 5.0 ml of pyrogen-free water to reconstitute the reagent. Reconstitution is more rapid if reagents are at room temperature. 

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