Physiological saline

Health Hazards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment Dust mask goggles or face shield protective gloves Symptoms Following Exposure Inhalation of dust irritates nose and throat. Contact with eyes causes irritation General Treatment for Exposure INHALATION move to fresh air. EYES flush immediately with physiological saline or water get medical care if irritation persists. SKIN flush with water Toxicity by Inhalation (Thresholdlimit Value) Data not available Short-Term Exposure Limits Data not available Toxicity by Ingestion Grade 1 oral LDjq 11.7 g/kg (rat) Late Toxicity Chronic effects in humans are unknown Vapor (Gas) Irritant Characteristics Not pertinent liqidd or Solid Irritant Characteristics Data not available Odor Threshold Data not available. 

Figure 6. Survival as a function of cooling rate for human red blood cells suspended in physiological saline containing the indicated concentrations of glycerol, cooled to -196 °C, and warmed rapidly. Glycerol was absent in the bottom curve. (The data are from Morris and Farrant (1972) and Mazur and Miller (1976). The figure is modified from Souzu and Mazur (1978).)...

Currently, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in both white and African-American women. According to latest reports, of the 662,870 cancer cases reported for women in 2005, 32% were breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer increased from 1 in 20 in 1960 to 1 in 8 today. More than 100,000 women per year require mastectomy for treatment, and every year 75% decide to have reconstmction. About half the number of these women select prostheses made of silica-reinforced silicone-rubber shell filled with silicone gel, while the other half have the same shell filled with physiological saline. Reportedly, gel-fiUed prostheses feel more natural, but are associated with true or perceived health problems and remain highly controversial. 

The further allergologic workup is recommended should be performed within 6 months after the reaction [13]. Both delayed IDTs and patch tests are frequently positive, when read after 48 and 72 h (in case of local pruritus or erythematous plaques optionally at other time points, e.g. 24 h, 96 h). Since some patients tested positive with only one of these tests, it is recommended to use both tests in parallel to enhance test sensitivity (table 3). Patch tests should be conducted with undiluted RCM, whereas 10-fold diluted products in physiologic saline had been recommended when performing delayed IDTs. IDTs and late readings with undiluted RCM may be discussed in non-severe reactions to increase sensitivity, however this has not been evaluated in a sufficient number of controls. A panel of several different RCM should be tested to identify skin test-negative substances. 

Sea water today contains about 35 g of NaCl per liter. In contrast, the physiological saline solution only has 9 g L . When life was formed, the sea was not as salty. 

Wash the membrane several times with a small amount of distilled water or physiologic saline. 

If the test substance is a solid or a semisolid, a 0.5-g portion is weighed and placed on the gauze patch. The test substance patch is placed on the appropriate skin site and secured. The patch is subsequently moistened with 0.5 ml of physiological saline. 

Fluorescein Staining. Cup the lower lid of the eye to be tested and instill one drop of a 2% (in water) sodium fluorescein solution onto the surface of the cornea. After 15 s, thoroughly rinse the eye with physiological saline. Examine the eye, employing a hand-held long-wave ultraviolet illuminator in a darkened room. Comeal lesions, if present, appear as bright yellowish-green fluorescent areas. 

If a reaction is observed in the formulation tubes (tubes 1 and/or 5), dilute the formulation in an equal amount of physiological saline ( dilution) and test 1 ml of the dilution with an equal amount of plasma and/or serum. If a reaction still occurs, make serial dilutions of the formulation in saline (i.e., etc.). 

Common name Saline Chemical name Physiological saline Molecular weight 18.02... 

In the event of contamination of the eyes, common treatment includes irrigation with copious amounts of tepid water or physiological saline for at least 15 minutes and, in the event of persistent irritation, pain, swelling, or photophobia, expert ophthalmologic consultation. In the event of acute poisoning, transport... 

Rainbow trout (100-250 g) were purchased from Roaring River fish hatchery, Scio, Oregon and held under conditions previously described (11). Chlorobenzene (MCB) and carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification. Chlorobenzene was dissolved in an equal volume of com oil and administered as a single intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injection (either 0.5 or 1.0 ml/kg). Control animals received a similar volume of corn oil. Carbon tetrachloride was given undiluted by i.p. injection (0.2, 1.0, or 2.0 ml/kg) and control animals received a similar volume of physiological saline. 

Fresh plant materials, Allium sativum (bulb and green), Allium cepa rubra (bulb) wA Allium cepa (bulb and green), were homogenized separately in physiological saline (pH 7.4). Homogenates were centrifuged at 10,000 g at 4°C for 30 min. 

Laboratory assessment of the composition of the blood plasma is often carried out in clinical chemistry. Among the electrolytes, there is a relatively high concentration of Na"", Ca and Cl ions in the blood in comparison with the cytoplasm. By contrast, the concentrations of IC, Mg "", and phosphate ions are higher in the cells. Proteins also have a higher intracellular concentration. The electrolyte composition of blood plasma is similar to that of seawater, due to the evolution of early forms of life in the sea. The solution known as physiological saline" (NaCl at a concentration of 0.15 mol L ) is almost isotonic with blood plasma. 

Calciurp and TTX Experiments. Varying the calcium concentration in the saline of the ileal preparation had no effect on the action of GT-1 and GT-2. GT-3 effects were accentuated at calcium concentrations lower than normal but not appreciably affected at higher than normal calcium concentrations. The inclusion of TTX in the physiological saline at 4 ng/ml did not affect the assay. 

Effects of WSAP on Guinea Pig Ileum. In preliminary experiments with a constant infusion of 5 pg/m1 of WSAP in the physiological saline bath the following were observed A) a slow tonic contraction of the smooth muscle segment resulting in a shift of the base line of approximately 30%, B) a latency period of approximately 10 to 15 minutes before there was any significant... 

Mix 300 mL lactulose with 700 mL water or physiologic saline and retain for 30 to 60 minutes. The enema may be repeated every 4 to 6... 

The majority of blood substitutes currently in use function only as plasma expanders. These maintain blood pressure by providing vascular fluid volume after haemorrhage, burns, sepsis or shock. While standard electrolyte solutions, such as physiological saline, may be administered, their elfect is transitory as they subsequently dilfuse back out of the vascular system. 

For continuous intravenous infusion studies, the implantation of catheter is performed on gestation day I to allow the recovery from the surgery before the start of treatment on GD6. The animals are maintained on continuous infusion with physiological saline between implantation and the start of treatment. 

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