Navigation landmark

Working-memory enhancement by nicotine is seen using delayed matching-to-sample tasks in monkeys (Terry et ai. 1993). This benefit is reversed by scopolamine, suggesting that nicotine s beneficiai effect is due to increased central acetylcholine release and subsequent actions at muscarinic receptors. Nicotine appears to shift female rats toward a male-typical navigational strategy, using spatial cues rather than landmarks (Kanit et al. 1998). 

At first, all of them thrived, but today only wine continues to play an important role in the island s economy. Historical records in 1450 by the Venetian navigator, Alvise da Mosto, known as Luis de Cadamosto, show that Malvasia Candida was brought during the first years of colonization. Infante D. Henrique ordered that lands be planted with Malmsey, brought from Candia (the capital of Crete). Throughout the fifteenth century, vineyards expanded steadily. The consequence of this was an increasing in exports, but it is the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus that constitutes a landmark in the history of Madeira wine. 

In the natural world, animals may sometimes be able to use beacons to navigate toward a goal. The location of food, water, or an animal s home might be at the base of a tree or near a large rock. On many other occasions, however, important sites may be located in an open, homogeneous field that offers no beacons. Nevertheless, animals are able to use cues only distantly related to the goal site to precisely track its position. The use of multiple cues to define a specific location in space is called piloting. We turn to some mechanisms by which animals may learn to use landmarks to pilot to a precise position. 

William A. Roberts is Professor of Psychology at the University of Western Ontario. He is author of Principles of animal cognition (McGraw-Hill, 1998). He studies cognitive processes in monkeys, rats, and pigeons, including how these animals process number, keep track of time, and use landmarks for spatial navigation. 

In recent years, the use of GPS aboard aircraft on photogrammetric missions has enabled tighter operational control, particularly in regions of relatively featureless terrain, where landmark navigation is restricted (Biggs, Pearce and Westcott, 1989). 

Provides coordinates for navigational system to localize a safe surgical entrance point or of anatomical landmarks... 

An initial study is planned to uncover important factors in the design of the visual representations in maps. For example, the spatial layout of the source code representation must be stable to facilitate spatial cognition. Also, appropriate information residue or landmarks are needed to find information for navigating in the source code. User studies of participants performing tasks that target search and spatial memory are needed to investigate whether maps of source code can support... 

In this video, we present the results of a study that explores the effectiveness of different off-screen navigation techniques across a variety of common tasks within a particularly common environment - a map browser with specific landmarks as semantic icons. 

The existence of eAtoN as data objects without having a traditional physical presence does not necessarily preclude their verification using many of the same physical parameters as AtoN. This may provide an ideal opportunity to demonstrate the use of technology to resolve doubts and concerns regarding navigation strictly by electronic means rather than traditional methods by using live environmental sensor data to obtain fixes to known landmarks, structures, bottom terrain features and buo5Ts. 

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