Natural waters Atlantic

Wemer M, Mikolajewicz U, Hoffmann G, Heimann M (2000) Possible changes of in precipitation caused by a meltwater event in the North Atlantic. J Geophys Res 10 10161-10167 Whitehead NE, Ditchbmn RG, Wilhams PW, McCabe WJ (1999) Pa and contamination at zero age a possible hmitation on U/Th series dating of speleothem material. Chem Geol 156 359-366 Wigley TML, Plummer LN, Pearson FJ (1978) Mass transfer and carbon isotope evolntion in natural water systems. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42 1117-1140... 

The particulate material found in natural waters was also observed to have a net negative charge when examined by microelectrophoresis. This was true of all particles studied in all natural sea waters the histogram for particles from Atlantic water (Figure 3A) illustrates the range of mobilities observed. When the salinity is lowered to 1% of the initial... 

Measurements indicate that in natural waters values of /3 range from 2 to 5. Lerman (1979) reports measurements of size distributions at four locations in the North Atlantic. Fifty-three size distributions derived from samples taken at depths ranging from 30 to 5100 m yielded a mean value of /3 = 4.01 0.28. Fillela and Buffle (1993) report on size distributions based on particle number for different natural aquatic systems. 

The photolysis of organic and inorganic constituents in natural waters is also an important mechanism for the production of free radicals [9]. Zafiriou and Dister [10] determined that the total production rate of radicals varied from 6 to 24 X 10 M h Muring the summer in the Atlantic Ocean along the East Coast of the United States, employing a solar simulator with a spectral output and photon flux approximately equal to the noon time solar irradiance on a clear... 

Szatmari, P., Carvalho, R. S., and Simoes, I. A. (1979). A Comparison of Evaporite Facies in the Late Paleozoic Amazon and Middle Cretaceous South Atlantic Salt Basins. Econ. Geol. 74, 432-447. Tageeva, N. V. (1942). Fluorine and Boron in Natural Waters and their Bearing on the Occurrence of Petroleum. Dok. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34(4-5), 117-120. 

Variability of Seawater Vertical sections through seawater showing the distribution of temperature, salinity, and oxygen for the Pacific Ocean and Western Atlantic Ocean are shown in Figures 21.3 and 21.4. The global variability of natural seawater and its effects on corrosion have been reviewed in particular with respect to seasonal variation of temperature, salinity, oxygen and pH in the Pacific surface water. Data is also given on... 

Burton, K. W., Ling, H.-F. and O Nions, R. K. (1997). Closure of the Central American Isthmus and its effect on deep-water formation in the North Atlantic. Nature 386,382-385. 

M. Tatsumoto and C. C. Patterson. Concentrations of Common Lead in Some Atlantic and Mediterranean Waters and in Snow. Nature. 199 (July 27, 1963) 350-352. Source for extrapolation from sea surface to leaded gasolines and Lassen National Park. 

Thus, the Mediterranean Sea must have been refilled in an episodic fashion such that conditions favoring shallow-water evaporite deposition were rapidly reattained. Some geologists have proposed that this was achieved via periodic inflows of seawater from the Atlantic Ocean over the exposed Gibraltar Sill into a nearly dry Mediterranean Sea basin. This must have taken the form of a waterfeU hundreds of meters in height The episodic nature of this process is reflected in the repeating evaporite sequences foimd throughout the Messinian deposits. 

Results of outdoor and indoor corrosion rate and corrosion aggressivity in tropical corrosion test stations of Cuba and Mexico are reported. The results mainly concern to natural atmospheric corrosion tests obtained in the western side of the Isle of Cuba and in the Campeche State located at the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. The two regions are located in the tropical climate and receive the influences of the waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mexican Gulf. Data processed in this paper correspond to atmospheric corrosion tests carried out during a long period of time, about the last 20 years in Cuba and the last 10 years at Campeche up to the present. 

In the case of these two regions there is a natural source of airborne salinity the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Airborne salinity plays an important role in determining corrosion aggressivity in Cuba [1-4] and in the Yucatan Peninsula [2, 5-6], Other anthropogenic contaminants can be present also in this region, particularly sulfur compounds coming from the oil production and manufacture industries and... 

In 1974 the Atlantic City Electric Co. placed Unit 3 of its B L England Station into commercial operation. Condenser cooling for the unit is provided by circulating sea water in a closed-cycle, natural-draft system. The cooling tower selected for the site was a hyperbolic, counterflow unit. The thermal test instrumentation procedures and test data as well as drift measurement results are given. The paper indicates that the tower operates within design specifications for thermal performance and that it meets the environmental criteria regarding the drift. 

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