Natural History Series

Brough, J. (1933) On a new Palaeoniscoid genus from Madagascar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History [series 10], 11 76-87. 

Davis, J.W. (1884) Description of a new species of Ptycholepis from the Lias of Lyme Regis. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History [series 5], 13 335-337, pi. 10. 

This is, in essence, the modern synthesis of Darwin and Mendel achieved in the 1930s by Ronald Fisher and J. B. S. Haldane. Based on a series of relatively straightforward equations, it also took the study of evolution out of meticulously observed natural history and located it within a more abstract mathematised theory. Indeed, evolution itself came to be defined not in terms of organisms and populations, but as the rate of change of gene frequencies within any given population. One consequence has been a tendency for theoretical evolutionists to retreat further and further into abstract hypotheticals based on computer simulations, and to withdraw from that patient observation of the natural world which so characterised Darwin s own method . 

Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) presents his work on hybridization of peas to the Natural History Society of Brno, Czechoslovakia. The paper is published in the 1866 issue of the Society s Proceedings. Mendel presents statistical evidence that hereditary factors are inherited from both parents in a series of papers... 

G. W. A. Newton, History of the Unraveling of the Natural Decay Series, Radiochim. Acta 70/72, 31 (1995)... 

To bypass the potential fatal side effects of systemically applied thrombolytic therapy, thrombolytic agents have been delivered locally into the vitreous. Elman et al. (46) reported on a retrospective series of nine eyes treated with 100 pg (0.2 mL) of intravitreal tPA followed by paracentesis. At six months of follow-up there were no adverse events, and four of the nine eyes had improved by at least three lines of visual acuity. However, two eyes sustained a loss of six or more lines. None of the four cases deemed ischemic at baseline improved beyond 20/200. In a similar series, Glacet-Bernard et al. (47) reported on 15 patients with CRVO of 1 to 21-day duration (mean of eight days) treated with intravitreal tPA. Eight of 15 patients had a baseline visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Of those patients available for the eight-month follow-up, visual acuity increased in five, remained unchanged in five, and decreased in four. Six of 15 patients developed an increased amount of intraretinal hemorrhage. The results were deemed to be no better than the natural history. 

Hooper, D. and H. Field 1937. Usehd plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 9 69-241. 

Coppins, B.J. (1983). A taxonomic study of the lichen genus Micarea in Europe. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series 11,17-214. 

From an anatomic point of view, the natural history of brain AVMs may rarely include enlargement, decrease, or regression (Minakawa et al. 1989 Chen et al. 1991 Krapf et al. 2001). Surprisingly, in a small series of 20 patients followed up by an-... 

The natural history of brain AVMs has been studied in different series of untreated patients (Graf et al. 1983 Fults and Kelly 1984 Crawford et al. 1986 Brown et al. 1988 Itoyama et al. 1989 Ondra et al. 1990). There are a number of biases in these different studies ... 

In the majority of series, natural history was studied in the group of patients managed nonsurgi-cally, and this is a very important recruitment bias. 

Zherikhin, V. V. and Ross, A. J. (2000) A review of the history, geology and age of Burmese amber (Burmite). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Geology Series, 56 3-10. 

The Irving-Williams series shows how simplicity lies behind apparent complexity. It was first used by chemists to predict how metals react and bind to small molecules. The beauty of it is that it also works with large molecules like proteins in complex systems like life, and over billions of years of natural history. The series is a clear trend that works in many contexts and fits the universal shape of the periodic table. Physics has many laws of nature, from gravity to electromagnetism. The Irving-Wilhams series is a chemical law of nature. 

Herrick JW (1995) Iroquois medical botany. Syracuse University Press, New York Hooper D (1937) Useful plants and drags of Iran and Iraq. Botanical Series 9(3). Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA... 

Among Cicero s contemporaries, the works of Lucretius (De rerum natura On the Nature of Things ) and of Sallust (Conspiracy of Catiline and Jugurthine War) are available in Penguin translations (and many others) the biography of Cicero s friend Atticus by Cornelius Nepos is translated with commentary by N. Horsfall in the Clarendon Ancient History Series (Oxford, 1989). 

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