Naphthalenes biodegradation

Heitkamp MA, JP Freeman, CE Cerniglia (1987) Naphthalene biodegradation in environmental microcosms estimates of degradation rates and characterization of metabolites. Appl Environ Microbiol 53 129-136. 

Wilson MS, EL Madsen (1996) Field extraction of a transient intermediary metabolite indicative of real time in situ naphthalene biodegradation. Environ Sci Technol 30 2099-2103. 

Sandrin, T.R., Chech, A.M., and Maier, R.M., A rhamnolipid biosurfactant reduces cadmium toxicity during naphthalene biodegradation, Appl Environ Microbiol, 66 (10), 4585-4588, 2000. 

Sandrin, T. and Maier, R., Effect of pH on cadmium toxicity, speciation, and accumulation during naphthalene biodegradation, Environ Toxicol Chem, 21 (10), 2075-2079, 2002. 

Malakul, P., Srinivasan, K., and Wang, H., Metal toxicity reduction in naphthalene biodegradation by use of metal-chelating adsorbents, Appl Environ Microbiol, 64 (11), 4610-4613, 1998. 

Wilson and Madsen [152] used the metabolic pathway for bacterial naphthalene oxidation as a guide for selecting l,2-dihydroxy-l,2-dihydronaphthalene as a unique transient intermediary metabolite whose presence in samples from a contaminated field site would indicate active in situ naphthalene biodegradation (Fig. 26). Naphthalene is a component of a variety of pollutant mixtures. It is the major constituent of coal tar [345], the pure compound was commonly used as a moth repellant and insecticide [345], and it is a predominant constituent of the fraction of crude oil used to produce diesel and jet fuels [346]. Prior studies at a coal tar-contaminated field site have focused upon contaminant transport [10,347], the presence of naphthalene catabolic genes [348, 349], and non-metabolite-based in situ contaminant biodegradation [343]. 

In a static-culture-flask screening test, naphthalene (5 and 10 mg/L) was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum. After 7 d, 100% biodegradation with rapid adaptation was observed (Tabak et al, 1981). In freshwater sediments, naphthalene biodegraded to c/5-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, 1-naphthol, salicylic acid, and catechol. 

Table 3. DNA probe detection and distribution of naphthalene biodegradative bacteria in Manufactured Gas Plant soils...

Lee, K., Park, J.-W. Ahn, I.-S. (2003). Effect of additional carbon source on naphthalene biodegradation by Pseudomonas putida G7. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B105, 157-67. 

SandrinTR, Chech AM, Maier RM. A rhamnolipids biosurfactants reduces cadmium toxicity during naphthalene biodegradation. App/ Environ Microbiol 2000 66 4585-8. 

Kelley I, JP Freeman, CE Cerniglia (1990) Identification of metabolites from degradation of naphthalene by a Mycobacterium sp. Biodegradation 1 283-290. 

Whyte LG, L Bourbonniere, CW Greer (1997) Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by psychotrophic Pseudomonas strains possessing both alkane (alk) and naphthalene (nah) catabolic pathways. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 3719-3723. 

The biodegradation of acenaphthene and naphthalene under denitrifying conditions was examined in soil-water slurries (Mihelcic and Luthy 1988), though in this case only analyses for the concentrations of the initial substrates were carried out. 

The bacterial aerobic degradation of pyrene is initiated by the formation of cfi-pyrene-4,5-dihydrodiol. Analysis for this metabolite was used to demonstrate the biodegradability of pyrene in an environment in which there was continuous input of the substrate, when it was not possible to use any diminution in its concentration as evidence for biodegradation (Li et al. 1996). The corresponding metabolite from naphthalene—cfi-naphthalene-1,2-dihydrodiol—has been used to demonstrate biodegradation of naphthalene both in site-derived enrichment cultures and in leachate from the contaminated site (Wilson and Madsen 1996). 

Ghoshal S, RG Luthy (1996) Bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds from nonaqueous-phase liquids the biodegradation of naphthalene from coal tar. Environ Toxicol Chem 15 1894-1900. 

J. M. H. King, P. M. Digrazia, B. Applegate, R. Burlage, J. Sanseverino, P. Dunbar, F. Larimer, and G. S. Sayler, Rapid, sensitive bioluminescent reporter technology for naphthalene, exposure and biodegradation. Science 249 11% (1990). 

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