Electrospun nanowires

H.H.Ye, N. Titchenal, Y. Gogotsi, and F. Ko, SiC nanowires synthesized from electrospun nanofiber templates,. dtAi. Mater., 17, 1531-1535(2005). 

Electrospun nanofibers with electrical and electro-optical activities have received a great deal of interest in recent years because of their potential applications in nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices, for example nanowires, LEDs, photocells etc. Besides, one-dimensional (1-D) nanostmctures are the smallest dimensional stmctures for efficient transport of electrons and optical excitations. One of the potential future apphcations of conducting polymer nanofibers is as molecular wires, which are required to connect molecular devices to electrodes. For molecular devices, it is necessary to make nanowires with diameters in the order of the size of the molecular device. 

Extremely low-dimensional conducting nanowires (as small as 3 nm in diameter) for use in nanoelectronics can be produced with the electrospinning technique [103]. Using template methods, insulating PLA fibers with an average diameter of 200-700 nm as core materials were electrospun and subsequently coated with thin 50-100 nm films of polyaniline or polypyrrole by in situ polymer deposition methods. The PLA core fibers decompose upon relatively mild thermal treatment under inert atmosphere, leaving... 

Vidyadharan, B., R. Abd Aziz, I. I. Misnon, II et al. 2014. High energy and power density asymmetric supercapacitors using electrospun cobalt oxide nanowire anode. Journal of Power Sources 270 526-535. 

In fuel cells, well known catalyst is produced from carbon black-supported Pt particles (Pt/C) for hydrogen and oxygen redox reactions which occurs at anode and cathode but conventional Pt/C catalyst has low durability and can be easily poisoned by carbon monoxide. Electrospun Pt/ruthenium, Pt/rhodium, and Pt nanowires have been produced and compared with Pt/C showing better performance in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). 

In the future, some other 3D electrodes, such as electrodes made from 3D printing, electrospun nanowire, 3D electrodes of conductive sponge, etc., can be used to fully take up the volume of the anode chamber, offering a larger surface-area-to-volume ratio. 

Electrospun Nanowires from Conjugated Polymer Blends... 

Cu nanoparticles were successfully incorporated within PVA nanofibers through an in situ deoxidization approach starting from ChiCl2 [7]. PVA-protected copper nanoparticles and copper nanowires were generated inside the electrospun fibers. It was found that the molar ratio of copper ions to VA units played an important role in the formation of the copper/PVA nanocables [7]. 

Fig. 2.2 A SEM image of (a) typical electrospun fibers and (b) single-polypyrrol (PPY) nanowire 200 nm wide and 3 J.m long (Reprinted with permission (a) from Ding et al. 2009. Published by MDPI and (b) from Ramanathan et al. 2004, Copyright 2004 American Chemical Society)...

Luoh R, Hahn HT (2006) Electrospun nanocomposite fiber mats as gas sensors. Compos Sci Technol 66 2436-2441 Ma XF, Li G, Wang M, Cheng YN, Bai R, Chen HZ (2006) Preparation of a nanowire structured polyaniline composite... 

Pinto N, Ramos I, Rojas R, Wang P, Johnson A Jr (2008) Electric response of isolated electrospun polyanUine nanofibers to vapors of aliphatic alcohols. Sens Actuators B Chem 129 621-627 Raible I, Burghard M, Schlecht U, Yasuda A, Vossever T (2005) VjOj nanofibers novel gas sensors with extremely high sensitivity and selectivity to amines. Sens Actuators B Chem 106 730-735 Ramanathan K, Bangar MA, Yun M, Chen W, Mulchandani A, Myung N (2004) Individually addressable conducting polymer nanowires array. Nano Lett 4 1237-1239... 

Vuong NM, Jung H, Kim D, Kim H, Hong S-K (2012) Realization of an open space ensemble for nanowires a strategy for the maximum response in resistive sensors. J Mater Chem 22 6716-6725 Wang X, Drew C, Lee S-H, Senecal KJ, Kumar J, Samuelson LA (2002) Electrospun nanofibrous membranes for highly sensitive optical sensors. Nano Lett 2 1273-1275... 

Simultaneously, other scientists also explored the electrochemical catalytic properties based on electrospun Pt and PtRh nanowires for dehydro-genative oxidation of cyclohexane to benzene (Figure 9.25). In contrast to the conventional Pt nanoparticle catalysts (e.g., carbon/Pt or Pt black), Pt and PtRh electrospun nanowires electrocatalysts exhibited higher catalytic... 

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