Nanostructured materials, sonochemical synthesis

K. S. Suslick, M. Fang, T. Hyeon, and A. A. Cichowlas, Sonochemical synthesis and catalytic properties of nanostructured molybdenum carbide, in Molecularily Designed Nanostructered Materials, K. E. Gonsalves., ed., M.R.S., Pittsburgh (1994). 

Suslick KS, Hyeon T, Fang M (1996) Nanostructured materials generated by high-intensity ultrasound sonochemical synthesis and catalytic studies. Chem Mater 8 2172-2179... 

Fig. 11. Sonochemical synthesis of various forms of nanostructured materials, n = 100-1000.

The Sonochemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Sn02 and SnO as their Use as Electrode Materials... 

There exist a variety of methods to synthesize quasi-one-dimensional nanostructured materials, which include but not limited to vapor phase growth, template-assisted synthesis, sol-gel deposition, surfactant-assisted growth, sonochemical method, hydrothermal method, and electrochemical deposition [21], Among the various methods, the electrochemical anodization method is one of the simplest and cheapest methods to synthesize ordered quasi-one-dimensional nanostructure. 

Figure 4 Sonochemical synthesis of nanostructured inorganic materials.

The synthesis of nanostructured inorganic materials by sonochemical had already been synthesized a large number of nanostructures of different compositions with comparable or better than the properties of the same when summed with other preparation methods. The versatility of this method also extends to the relative flexibility of reaction conditions such as the nature of the precursors and their solutions, the possibility of addition of auxiliaries, and the presence of traps (species immobilized) to the nanoparticles. All types of metallic nanostructured materials synthesized by sonochemical described (powders, colloids, or nanoparticles supported) can also be obtained for other classes of compounds such as oxides [58-60], sulfides [61], Suslick [20, 62], and more recently selenides [63, 64] and tellurides [65]. 

H. Zhou et al. [6] developed a novel bacteria-templated sonochemical route for the controllable assembly of ZnS nanoparticles into desired hollow nanostructures. It is based on artificial mineralization and cell disruption under ultrasound. Two shapes of bacteria cocci and bacillus were used as templates to direct the formation of corresponding ZnS hollow spheres and hollow nanotubes, respectively. The inorganic replicas retain the original morphologies of the templates faithfully. This bacteria-templated sonochemical method can be extended to the synthesis of various ZnS hollow assemblies by templating other shapes of bacterium such as vibrios, spirillum, square bacteria, etc. Meanwhile, this method is expected to be a generic means to the siiiple synthesis of hollow assemblies of various materials. 

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