Nanoparticles toxicity

Monteiro-Riviere, N.A., Inman, A.O. and Zhang, L.W. (2009) Limitations and relative utility of screening assays to assess engineered nanoparticle toxicity in a human cell line. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 234 (2), 222-235. 

To complicate further our perceptions of nanoparticle toxicity, some recent evidence suggests that, on a mass basis, not all nanoparticle-types are more toxic than fine-sized particles of similar chemical composition. As mentioned previously, the limited numbers of studies that have been reported suggest that ultrafine Ti02 particles produced greater pulmonary inflammation when compared with fine-sized Ti02 particles. However, in contrast to the conclusions of the earlier findings, the results of recent preliminary studies comparing the effects of nano- versus... 

As a consequence, no general conclusions regarding nanoparticle toxicity can be made. Thus, it is important that assessments of safety and health risks of newly developed engineered nanoparticles should be made following relevant testing on a case-by-case basis for each nanoparticle type. 

In vitro mechanistic study towards a better understanding of ZnO nanoparticle toxicity. Nanotoxicology 7 402 16... 

Teeguarden JG, Hinderliter PM, Orr G, Thrall BD, Pounds JG (2007) Particokinetics in vitro dosimetry considerations for in vitro nanoparticle toxicity assessments. Toxicol Sci 95(2) 300-312... 

Han X, Gelein R, Corson N, Wade-Mercer P, Jiang J, Biswas P, Finkelstein JN, Elder A, Oberdorster G (2011) Validation of an LDH assay for assessing nanoparticle toxicity. Toxicology 287(l-3) 99-104... 

Mechanism-Based SAR Analysis of Nanomaterials. A nnmber of stndies have demonstrated that nanoparticle toxicity is extremely complex and there is a strong likelihood that biological activity of nanoparticles will depend... 

Understanding of nanoparticle toxicity pharmacokinetics, and immune system interactions... 

Samberg ME, Oldenburg SJ, Monteiro-Riviere NA. Evaluation of silver nanoparticle toxicity in skin in vivo and keratinocytes in vitro. Environ Health Perspect 2010 118(3) 407-13. 

Teeguarden, J.G., Hinderliter, P.M., Orr, G., et al., 2007. Particokinetics in vitro Dosimetry Considerations for in vitro Nanoparticle Toxicity Assessments. Toxicological Sciences 95 (2), 300-312. 

This document reviews what is currently known about nanoparticle toxicity and control, but it is only a starting point. The document serves as a request from NIOSH to occupational safety and health practitioners, researchers, product innovators and manufacturers, employers, workers, interest group members, and the general public to exchange information that will ensure that no worker suffers material impairment of safety or health as nanotechnology develops. Opportunities to provide feedback and information are available throughout this document. 

Some eukaryotic cell can assimilate large nanoparticles (up to 100 nm) [12], but bacteria, generally cannot assimilate particles bigger than 5 nm, including So we may assume that antibacterial activity involves direct contact of nanoparticles with the cellular surface. These conclusions show the importance of surface chemistry and morphology in nanoparticles toxicity. 

Brown, S.C., Kamal, M., Nasreen, N., Baumuratov, A., Sharma, P., Antony, V. and Moudgil, B.M. (2007) Influence of shape, adhesion and simulated lung mechanics on amorphous silica nanoparticle toxicity. Advanced Powder Technology, 18(1), 69-79. 

Safety/Toxicity Carcinogenicity cjdotoxicity fish toxicity nanoparticle toxicity neurotoxicity phototoxicity ophthahnotoxicity reproductive toxicity... 

Keywords Engineered nanomaterials Food packaging Polymer nanocomposites Migration Nanotoxicity Nanoparticle toxicity Safety of nanotechnology... 

Recent research has indicated that, when evaluated on a normalized size basis, insoluble nanoparticles are more potent than larger particles of the same composition in causing lung inflammation and tumors in animals. A complicating factor in this research is that nanoparticle toxicity is also affected by the chemicals that comprise individual particles. For example, nanoparticles made of titanium oxide showed little if any lung toxicity, while particles made of crystallized silica caused severe lung toxicity. 

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