Nanoparticles three-dimensional

In this study, a two-dimensional FDTD is performed to simulate the optical field on the metallic nanorod. This method also saves calculation time. In calculating the optical field on a nanoparticle, three-dimensional FDTD should be performed. In this case, the SP excited by both TE and TM modes of the waveguide can be studied. However, PC cluster should also be used to have enough memory to launch the simulation. 

Zhu, C. Z., Guo, S. Zhai, Y. M., and Dong, S. J. (2010], Layer-by-layer self-assembly for constructing a graphene/platinum nanoparticle three-dimensional hybrid nanostructure using ionic liquid as a linker. Langmuir, 10, pp. 7614-7618. 

Chapter 8 presents evidence on how the physical properties of colloidal crystals organized by self-assembly in two-dimensional and three-dimensional superlattices differ from those of the free nanoparticles in dispersion. 

Crystalline phases (truncated octahedra) of 5 nm silver particles, thiolate protected as well, have been detected by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) [26-28]. Three-dimensional architectures of 5-6 nm thiolate-stabilized gold particles have also been described [29]. Several other reports on 3D superlattices of metal nanoparticles have become known during the last few years [30-33]. 

Three-Dimensional Deposition of Pt Nanoparticles by Nanoparticle Encapsulation... 

Fig. 3.7 Schematic drawings demonstrating the main features of two-stage (A) and one-stage (B) procedures leading to a difference in the morphology of the fabricated materials. (A) Sol nanoparticles initially prepared in the first stage (1, see also Figure 3.3) can self-assemble into a three-dimensional network when they are in direct contact with each other. Forthis reason, a gel formed after cross-linking (sol-gel transition) has a smaller volume (2). (B) The initial stage (1) is represented by a solution of entangled biopolymer macromolecules. The...

The next stage is a sol-gel transition that is accounted for by the formation of a three-dimensional network from cross-linked sol nanoparticles. It is apparent that it can happen only when the particles are in direct contact. The association of sol nanoparticles, as shown by Figure 3.7A, will inevitably result in shrinkage of the volume because of a decrease of the distance between them. The larger the initial distance and the denser the arrangement of particles in the gel, that is the larger the difference between the initial and final states in the system, the larger the syneresis. 

Nanogels are nanometer-sized hydrogel nanoparticles (less than about 100 nm) with three-dimensional networks of physically crosslinked polymer chains. They have attracted growing interest over the last decade because of their potential for applications in biomedical fields, such as DDS and bioimaging [246-249]. 

Dendrimers can be used to effectively coat and passivate fluorescent quantum dots to make biocompatible surfaces for coupling proteins or other biomolecules. In addition, the ability of dendrimers to contain guest molecules within their three-dimensional structure also has led to the creation of dendrimer-metal nanoclusters having fluorescent properties. In both applications, dendrimers are used to envelop metal or semiconductor nanoparticles that possess fluorescent properties useful for biological detection. 

Figure 10.9. (a) Schematic structure of a silicon quantum dot crystal and (b) its calculated electronic structure as a function of interparticle distance H. The size of the nanoparticles is L = 6.5 nm. At small H, a splitting of the quantized energy levels of single dots results in the formation of three-dimensional minibands. Reproduced from Ref. 64, Copyright 2001, with permission from the American Institute of Physics. 

Talapin, D. V. Shevchenko, E. V. Kornowski, A. Gaponik, N. Haase, M. Rogach, A. L. Weller, H. 2001. A new approach to crystalhzation of CdSe nanoparticles into ordered three-dimensional superlattices. Adv. Mater. 13 1868-1871. 

Hu, X., et ah, A general route to prepare one- and three-dimensional carbon nanotube/metal nanoparticle composite nanostructures, hangmuir, 2007. 23(11) p. 6352-6357. 

A. K. Sinha, S. Sedan, S. Tsubota, and M. Haruta, A three-dimensional mesoporous titanosilicate support for gold nanoparticles Vapour-phase epoxidation of propene with high conversion, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43(12), 1546-1548 (2004). 

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