Photosensitive Nanoparticles

Wise M, Sneh O, Okada LA, George SM (1996) Reaction kinetics of H2O with chlorinated Si(l 11)— (7 X 7) and porous silicon surfaces. Surf Sci 364 367-379 Xiao L, Gu L, Howell SB, Sailor MJ (2011) Porous silicon nanoparticle photosensitizers for singlet oxygen and their phototoxicity against cancer cells. ACS Nano 5(5) 3651-3659 Xiong ZH, Liao LS, Yuan S, Yang ZR, Ding XM, Hou XY (2001) Effects of O, H andN passivation on photoluminescence from porous silicon. Thin Solid Films 388 271-276 Xu YK, Adachi S (2010) Multiple-peak structure in porous Si photoluminescence. J Appl Phys 107(12) 123520... 

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Peter LM, Wijayantha KGU, Rdey DJ, Waggett JP (2003) Band-Edge Tuning in Self-Assembled Layers of Bi2S3 Nanoparticles Used To Photosensitize NanocrystaUine Ti02. J Phys Chem B 107 8378-8381... 

Magnetic field effects on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes are very important for practical applications of the MFEs in controlling the photoelectronic functions of molecular devices. Previously, we have examined MFEs on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes modified with zinc-tetraphenylporphyrin-viologen linked compounds [27, 28] and semiconductor nanoparticles [29, 30[. However, MEEs on the photoelectrochemical reactions of photosensitive electrodes modified with nanoclusters have not yet been reported. 

J., Dougherty, T.J. and Prasad, P.N. (2003) Ceramic-based nanoparticles entrapping water-insoluble photosensitizing anticancer drugs A novel drug-carrier system for photodynamic therapy. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125, 7860-7865. 

Figure 3.31. Organic solar cell with the molecular glass Spiro-MeOTAD as the solid-state electrolyte. The photosensitive ruthenium dye is attached as a monolayer to Ti02 nanoparticles, thus forming a large active area for photoinduced electron transfer.

Fig. 6 Illustration of the PCI principle. The photosensitizer and the macromolecular therapeutics (here visualized by a nanoparticle for gene delivery) are endocytosed as indicated and accumulating in endocytic vesicles. The nanoparticle may be degraded by hydrolytic enzymes in late endosomes or lysosomes, translocated to the cytosol by intrinsic properties of the designed nanoparticle or released into the cytosol by a photochemically induced rupture of the endocytic vesicle as illustrated by the use of a diodelaser. The DNA may thereafter enter the nucleus for transgene expression...

Gold nanoparticles are virtually not luminescent, but silver nanoparticles show plasmon emissions with reasonable quantum yields. Furthermore, the non-radiative decay, resulting in electron-hole pair generation, may be used for photosensitization of wide bandgap semiconductors (see Figure 7.5) [16,17]. Similar effects may also be observed as direct photoinduced electron transfer between metal surfaces and surface-bound molecules [18]. 

Since enhanced electromagnetic fields in proximity to metal nanoparticles are the basis for the increased system absorption, various computational methods are available to predict the extent of the net system absorption and therefore potentially model the relative increase in singlet oxygen generation from photosensitizers. " In comparison to traditional Mie theory, more accurate computational methods, such as discrete dipole approximation (DDA/ or finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods, are often implemented to more accurately approximate field distributions for larger particles with quadruple plasmon resonances, plasmon frequencies of silver nanoparticles, or non-spherical nanoparticles in complex media or arrangements. ... 

Part V, which is about interfacial photocatalysis, includes such topics as nanochemistry, nanoparticles, self-organized microheterogeneous structures, photosensitizers. 

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