Hybrid materials based nanoparticle

Besides clay-based nanocomposites, there has been huge discussion on the metallic and semiconductor-based hybrid materials. The ability of polymer materials to assemble into nanostructures describes the use of polymers providing exquisite order to nanoparticles. Finally, a discussion on potential applications of polymer—nanoparticle composites with a special focus on the use of dendrite polymers and nanoparticles for catalysis should follow (Polymer-Nanoparticle Composites Part 1 (Nanotechnology), 2010) (Figure 1.15). 

Bryaskova Rayna, Georgieva Nelly, Andreeva Tonya, and Tzoneva Rumiana. Cell adhesive behavior of PVA-based hybrid materials with silver nanoparticles. Surf. Coat. Technol. 235 (2013) 186-191. 

In the specific case of silica nanoparticles-pH EMA hybrid materials, the synthesis relies on obtaining a fine dispersion of silica nanoparticles (with a mean diameter of 7nm) in HEMA monomers (liquid phase). When a homogeneous solution is obtained, a free radical initiator is added at a concentration based on the weight of the monomer mixture. After the initiator dissolution, the solution can be poured into molds or between two glass plates to obtain monoliths or uniform films, respectively, after being cured at temperatures around 60-85 °C for several hours. 

In 2003, Sugimoto and Kanie published what appears to be the first claim on the formation of nematic-like one-dimensional ordering in liquid crystal-nanoparticle hybrid materials. Different shapes of Ti02 nanoparticles were hybridized with two structurally different rod-like liquid crystal amines (one based on a cyanobiphenyl and a second with a fluorinated cyclohexylbiphenyl core), but only the combination of spindle-like Ti02 nanorods (with an aspect ratio greater than 10) with the... 

The introduction of ferroelectric nanoparticles in polymeric matrices seems attractive for improving the dielectric permittivity of polymeric-based materials. New pyro-and piezoelectric systems have been proposed, and better efficiency has been obtained by using ferroelectric particles with d 700 nm. However, the understanding of correlations between structure and macroscopic properties needs to be improved. Nevertheless, it is interesting to note that smart hybrid materials have been prepared by combining organic and inorganic phases, which illustrates the versatility of such nanocomposites. 

Figure 7.12. Magnetic beads/nanoparticles based protocols for electrochemical detection of DNA. These assays involve the introduction of the probe-coated magnetic beads, addition of the target/hybridization event, magnetic removal ofunwanted materials, binding ofthe metal and amplified electrochemical detection ofthe dissolved gold [A], silver (B) and cadmium sulfide [D] nanoparticles. [C] Solid-state stripping and (E) multi-target detection protocols. Reprinted from Analytica Chimica Acta, 500, J. Wang, Nanoparticle-based electrochemical DNA detection, 247-257, 2003, with permission form Elsevier.

D. Celik, M. Krueger, C. Veit, H. F. Schleiermacher, B. Zimmermann, S. Allard, I. Dumsch, U. Scherf, E Rauscher, P. Niyamakom, Performance Enhancement of CdSe Nanorod-Polymer Based Hybrid Solar Cells Utilizing a Novel Combination of Post-Synthetic Nanoparticle Surface Treatments. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2012, 98,433-440. 

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