Nano Vision

What would be the target in 10 to 20 years A recent EC report "Vision 2020 Nanoelectronics at the Centre of Change"18 identifies 7 items where nanosciences and nano-materials offer breakthrough applications two of them deal explicitly with sensors ... 

James R. Heath, of the University of California, Los Angeles, discussed molecular electronics as a prototypical hot topic, exemplifying the kind of early-stage technology that has extraordinary commercial potential but lacks sufficient certainty to attract development funding. He presented a vision for developing commercially valuable nano-level computers that was in sharp contrast to the reality of limited venture capital or governmental aid available to develop the field. 

As far as we know, few of nature s products are fully symmetrical, although if we could observe the nano-range of matter not currently visible to our eyes or through current technical vision aids, we may find many more. No feather, for example, is exactly the same on the left and the right side of the shaft, and none are entirely... 

Whitesides, G., and Alivisatos, P. (1999). Fundamental Scientific Issues for Nanotechnology. In Nanotechnology Research Directions IWGN Workshop Report Vision for Nanotechnology Research and Development in the Next Decade, ed. by M. C. Roco, S. Williams, and P. Alivisatos. Available from . 

Antonietti. M. Landfester. K. Mastai, Y. The vision of Nanochemistry, or is there a promise for speeific chemical reactions in nano-restricted environments Israel J. Chem. 2001. 41. 1. 

Ellis-Behnke RG, Liang Y-X, You S-W, Tay DKC, Zhang S, So K-F, Schneider GE (2006) Nano neuro knitting peptide nanofiber scaffold for brain repair and axon regeneration with functional return of vision. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 5054—5059. doi 10.1073/pnas. 0600559103... 

Pimprikar M, Srivastava D, Naghshin R (2003) Integration of Micro and Nano Technologies for Space Exploration Qiallenges, Opportunities, and Vision merging. MST News 3 6-7... 

The past 15 years have witnessed an explosion of relatively inejqjensive ecjuipment and techniques for probing and manipulating materials on the nanometer4engfti scale. These capabilities have led to optimistic forecasts of futuristic nano- technologies including molecular-scale machines and robots that can manipulate matter with atomic precision. Many believe that such futuristic visions are mere hype, while others express the hope that they can be realized. 

This book takes as its basis the vision of chemical engineering transformed, as expressed in the Amundson report of 1989, in which areas new to the traditional subject matter of the discipline are explored. These new areas include biotechnology and biomedicine, electronic materials and polymers, the environment, and computer-aided process engineering, and encompass what has been labeled the BIN—Bio, Info, Nano—revolution. The book addresses these issues in a novel and imaginative way and at a level that makes it suitable for undergraduate courses in chemical engineering. 

Pimprikar M (2003) Integration of micro and nano technologies for space exploration challenges, opportunities and vision Merging. Micro and Nanotechnologies, pp 6-7... 

FIGURE 19.15 (Step 2) (a) The bio-nanocomponents will be used to fabricate complex biorobotic systems. A vision of a nano organism carbon nanotubes form the main body peptide limbs can be used for locomotion and object manipulation and the biomolecular motor located at the head can propel the device in various environments, (b) Modular organization concept for the bio-nanorobots. Spatial arrangements of the various modules of the robots are shown. A single bio-nanorobot will have actuation, sensory, and information processing capabilities. 

Photochemical reactions are initiated by light rather than by thermal energy. (Modem textbooks with a good theoretical treatment include Refs. 1-3.) They can occur at low temperatures (as low as a few Kelvin) and in all phases, even in the solid. Recently it has been shown that certain photochemical reactions are extremely fast. For example the cis to trans isomerization of the retinal chromophore in the vision process occurs in ca. 200 femto.seconds. This demonstrates that certain photochemical reactions can be faster than photophysical processes such as fluorescence and internal conversion which take place on a pico to nano.second... 

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