N-Pentadecanoic acid

Concentration levels (n = repetitions) n-Pentadecane n-Docosane n-Hexacosane n- Tetradecanoic acid methylester n- Pentadecanoic acid methylester n- Hexadecanoic acid methylester 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Hepta- methylnonane... 

ABSTRACT Patchouli therapeutic effects were closely correlated with the non-volatile constituents except for patchouli oils. Few studies have been reported on the contents of non-volatile constituents, and it still remained unknown in the case what were the water-soluble components. The water-soluble components from roots, stems, leaves of P. cablin were isolated and identified by GC-MS in this paper. The result showed, a total of 25, 31 and 34 compounds were identified, accounting for 81.652%, 58.322% and 77.817% of water extracts from roots, stems and leaves, respectively. Six compounds (n-Pentadecanoic acid, [l,2 -Binaphthalene]-5,5, 8,8 -tetrone,T,4-dihydroxy-2,3 -dimethyl-, 1-Hexacosene, 1,2-Benzenediol, Docosane and Tricosane) were included in the water-soluble components from roots, stems and leaves. There were some differences in the water-soluble components from roots, stems and leaves of P. cablin. This might have been due the possibUity that the accumulation and storage of the water-soluble components was with relative independence. 

In leaves extracts, the main constituents included Salicylic acid (14.466%), Ethanol,(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-(13.254%), Catechol Monoethyl Ether (7.577%), Benzeneacetic acid, a-hydroxy-, methyl ester (6.151%), Patchouli alcohol (5.130%), 5-Methyl-2,4-diisopropylphenol (3.316%), 4-Hydroxyphenylethanol (2.799%), Hexanoic acid,6-iodo-(2.730%), 1-Phenylethanol (2.351%), Benzeneacetic acid (2.164%), Methylbenzene (1.570%), Octacosane (1.517%), n-Pentadecanoic acid (1.504%), 9-Methyl-Z-lO-tetradecen-l-ol acetate (1.457%), 1-Hexacosene (1.359%), j -Hydroxybenzoic acid (1.001%). 

Figure 3.4. Isotherm for pentadecanoic acid at 25°C. (Taken from Pallas, N.R. and Pethica, B.A. 1985 Langmuir 1 509-13. Published by permission of The American Chemical Society and the authors.) The curve follows the experimental points (not shown) closely. The two-phase region in which the liquid expanded and liquid condensed phases coexist corresponds to the plateau.

In this way, pentadecanoic acid has been prepared in 58% over-all yield from palmitic acid. ° A modification of the process, whereby three carbon atoms may be removed, has been reviewed. In this procedure, the olefin is brofflinated in the "allylic position by N-bromosuccinimide. Dehydro-halogenation then gives a diene, R CH=CH—CH=C(C H5), which is Oxidized with the loss of three carbon atoms. 

Figure 4. Testosterone concentration (ng/ml) in temporal gland secretion and relative abundance of four groups (I-IV) of compounds present in TGS over the course of musth in Tunga, an Asian bull elephant (a different elephant from the previous figures). Group I cyclohexanone, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, phenylpropanoic acid, octanoic acid, 3-octen-2-one and4-n-nonylphenol. Group II 5-nonanol, 2-hydroxyacetophenone, 1,3 dihydro-2H-indol-2-one, 2-nonanone, unidentified and 3-nonen-2-one. Group III phenol, decanoic acid and famesol. Group IV 4-hexenoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and dotriacontanol.

Hoffman, N.E. Liao, J.C. High pressure liquid chromatography of p-methoxyanilides of fatty acids, Anal.Chem., 1976, 48, 1104-1106. [gradient stearic acid psJmitoleic acid oleic acid linoleic acid linolenic acid arachidonic acid emcic acid docoshexaenoic acid nervonic acid tetradecanoic acid pentadecanoic acid hexadecanoic add octadecsmoic acid eicosanoic acid docosanoic acid tetracosanoic acid palmitic acid myristic acid]... 

Carballeira, N.M., Cruz, H., and Ayala, N.L. (2002) Total synthesis of 2-methoxy-14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid and the novel 2-methoxy-14-methylhexadecanoic acid identified in the sponge Agdas dispar. Lipids, 37,1033-1037. 

Fig. 14.2 Chromatogram of organic acids extracted using ethyl acetate and diethyl ether and separated as their methyl esters (diazomethane) on 5 per cent OV-1 using temperature programming from 70°C to 300°C at 4°C min Peak identifications are 1, ethylmalonate 2, methylsuccinate 3, adipate 4, hexanoylglycine 5, hippurate 6, n-pentadecanoate (internal standard). (Redrawn with modifications from Mantagos et al., 1979)...

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