Mycobacterium tuberculosis antimicrobial resistance

Other antimicrobial terpenes from the Anthemideae tribe are pyrethrins. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the organic extract of Kenyan pyrethrum flowers Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium Vissiani) resulted in the isolation of two natural pyrethrin esters, pyrethrins I and II, as the major constituents [204]. These esters elicited inhibition of the multiple drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 

Antimicrobial resistance of major consequence may be detected, e.g., the test is very useful in detecting glycopeptide-resistant enterococci and glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus and slow-growing pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, it can be used for detecting extended spectrum P-lactamases. In conclusion, the E-test is a simple, accurate and reliable method to determine the MIC for a wide spectrum of infectious agents [33, 34]. 

Ramaswamy, S., Musser, J.M., 1998. Molecular genetic basis of antimicrobial agent resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis 1998 update. Tuberc. Lung Dis. Off. J. Int. Union Tuberc. Lung Dis. 79 (1), 3—29. Available from http //dx.doi.org/10.1054/ tuld.1998.0002. 

Perry NB, Berm MH, Brennan NJ et al (1999) Antimicrobial, antiviral and cytotoxic activity of New Zealand lichens. Lichenologist 31 627-636 Piovano M, Garbarino JA, Giannini FA et al (2002) Evaluation of antifungal and antibacterial activities of aromatic metabolites from lichens. Bol Soc Chil Qurm 47 235-240 Ramos DF, Almeida da Silva PE (2010) Antimycobacterial activity of usnic acid against resistant and susceptible strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Pharm Biol 48 260-263... 

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