Mussel cadmium

Cope WG, Bartsch MR, Rada RG, Balogh SJ, Rupprecht JE, Young RD, Johnson DK (1999) Bioassessment of mercury, cadmium, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides in the upper Mississippi river with zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Environ Sci Technol 33 4385-... 

Phillips, J.H. 1976. The common mussel Mytilus edulis as an indicator of pollution by zinc, cadmium, lead and copper. II. Relationship of metals in the mussel to those discharged by industry. Mar. Biol. 38 71-80. 

Talbot, V.W., RJ. Magee, and M. Hussain. 1976. Cadmium in Port Phillip Bay mussels. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 7 84-86. 

Hameed, P.S. and A.I.M. Raj. 1989. Effect of copper cadmium and mercury on crystalline style of the freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck). Indian Jour. Environ. Health 31 131-136. Hamilton, S J. and KJ. Buhl. 1990. Safety assessment of selected inorganic elements to fry of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 20 307-324. 

Kraak, M.H.S., D. Lavy, W.H.M. Peeters, and C. Davids. 1992. Chronic ecotoxicity of copper and cadmium to the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Arch. Environ, Contam. Toxicol. 23 363-369. 

Mersch, J., E. Morhain, and C. Mouvet. 1993. Laboratory accumulation and depuration of copper and cadmium in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the aquatic moss Rhynchostegium riparioides. Chemosphere 27 1475-1485. 

Shiber, J.G. and T.A. Shatila. 1978. Lead, cadmium, copper, nickel and iron in limpets, mussels and snails from the coast of Ras Beirut, Lebanon. Mar. Environ. Res. 1 125-134. 

Amiard, J.C., C. Amiard-Triquet, B. Berthet, and C. Metayer. 1986. Contribution to the ecotoxicological study of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in the mussel Mytilus edulis. I. Field study. Mar. Biol. 90 425 431. 

Chan, H.M. 1988b. Accumulation and tolerance to cadmium, copper, lead and zinc by the green mussel Perna viridis. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 48 295-303. 

Luten, J.B., W. Bouquet, M.M. Burggraaf, and J. Rus. 1986. Accumulation, elimination, and speciation of cadmium and zinc in mussels, Mytilus edulis, in the natural environment. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 37 579-586. 

Voets, J. Bervoets, L. Blust, R. Cadmium Bioavailability and Accumulation in the Presence of Humic Acid to the Zebra Mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 1003-1008. 

Richard H. M., Eertman, Wouter Zurburg, Cor A. Schipper, Ben Sandee and Aad C. Smaal, (1996). Effects of PCB 126 and cadmium on the anaerobic metabolism of the mussel Mytilus edulis L. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology Volume 113, Issue 2,261-212. 

Metallothionein-bound cadmium and ionic cadmium were separated by ion exclusion on a short chromatographic column. Cadmium in the effluent was detected by coupled ICP-MS (Szpunar et al., 1997). The authors constructed an interface between the column and detector that allowed gradients up to 30% methanol to be used in the eluents. The rapid method of analysis was applied to studies on distributions of cadmium species in mussels. 

Similar to plants, animals can also be used as bio-indicators. Thus, the analyses of aquatic organisms have been increasingly used to obtain direct measures of abundance and availability of metals in the environment. Mussels can accumulate metals and thus be used to estimate pollutant levels in the environment. Cadmium and lead have been leached from mussels by using dilute nitric acid under US assistance [86]. Leaching was carried out in autosampler cups in order to minimize sample manipulation. 

W. G. Jones, K. F. Walker, Accumulation of iron, manganese, zinc and cadmium by the Australian freshwater mussel Velesunio ambiguus (Phillipi) and its potential as a biological monitor, Austr. Mar. Freshw. Res. 30 (1979), 741-751. 

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