Multicomponent polymers polymer blends

Moreover the components of vector A change to become Aa = aA/vA, etc. An Ornstein-Zemike (OZ) approach (referred to as the integral equation theory) describing multicomponent compressible polymer blend mixtures has been extensively investigated [35]. The multicomponent OZ equation relates the direct correlations matrix C and the total (i.e., direct and indirect) correlations matrix H as ... 

These three approaches have found widespread application to a large variety of systems and equilibria types ranging from vapor-liquid equilibria for binary and multicomponent polymer solutions, blends, and copolymers, liquid-liquid equilibria for polymer solutions and blends, solid-liquid-liquid equilibria, and solubility of gases in polymers, to mention only a few. In some cases, the results are purely predictive in others interaction parameters are required and the models are capable of correlating (describing) the experimental information. In Section 16.7, we attempt to summarize and comparatively discuss the performance of these three approaches. We attempt there, for reasons of completion, to discuss the performance of a few other (mostly) predictive models such as the group-contribution lattice fluid and the group-contribution Flory equations of state, which are not extensively discussed separately. 

S. Rostami, Polymer-Polymer Blends in Multicomponent Polymer Systems, I. S. Miles and S. Rostami Eds., Longman Scientific Technical Essex, UK,... 

Rostami S (1992) Polymer-polymer blends. In Miles IS, Rostami S (eds) Multicomponent polymer systems. Longman, Harlow, UK, p 63... 

G. C. Eastmond and D. G. Phillips, Macroscopic Phase Separation in Multicomponent Polymer Homopolymer Blends General Considerations Based on Studies of AB-Cross-linked Polymers, Polymer 20, 1501 (1979). Morphology, especially onion rings. 

Electron Microscopic Analysis of Multicomponent Polymers and Blends... 

Synthetic polymers have become extremely important as materials over the past 50 years and have replaced other materials because they possess high strength-to-weight ratios, easy processabiUty, and other desirable features. Used in appHcations previously dominated by metals, ceramics, and natural fibers, polymers make up much of the sales in the automotive, durables, and clothing markets. In these appHcations, polymers possess desired attributes, often at a much lower cost than the materials they replace. The emphasis in research has shifted from developing new synthetic macromolecules toward preparation of cost-effective multicomponent systems (ie, copolymers, polymer blends, and composites) rather than preparation of new and frequendy more expensive homopolymers. These multicomponent systems can be "tuned" to achieve the desired properties (within limits, of course) much easier than through the total synthesis of new macromolecules. 

Conducting Polymer Blends, Composites, and Colloids. Incorporation of conducting polymers into multicomponent systems allows the preparation of materials that are electroactive and also possess specific properties contributed by the other components. Dispersion of a conducting polymer into an insulating matrix can be accompHshed as either a miscible or phase-separated blend, a heterogeneous composite, or a coUoidaHy dispersed latex. When the conductor is present in sufftcientiy high composition, electron transport is possible. 

The preceding discussion can be used as a guide for rational selection of multicomponent polymer blends used for encapsulation, or as a basis for interpreting our findings. 

It is the intent of this doeument to define the terms most commonly encountered in the field of polymer blends and eomposites. The scope has been limited to mixtures in which the eomponents differ in ehemical composition or molar mass or both and in which the continuous phase is polymeric. Many of the materials described by the term multiphase are two-phase systems that may show a multitude of finely dispersed phase domains. Hence, incidental thermodynamic descriptions are mainly limited to binary mixtures, although they can be and, in the scientific literature, have been generalized to multicomponent mixtures. Crystalline polymers and liquid-crystal polymers have been considered in other documents [1,2] and are not discussed here. 

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