Mucosal integrity

Impaired mucosal integrity Breaks in the protective barrier allows fungal invasion often due to radiation, surgery, or mucositis... 

Dentures Adherence of fungus to dentures, along with reduced salivary flow under dentures ill-fitting dentures may impair mucosal integrity... 

Nutritional deficiencies Altered defense mechanisms, impaired mucosal integrity, or enhanced pathogenic potential of fungus... 

Most peptic ulcers occur in the presence of acid and pepsin when HP, NSAIDs, or other factors disrupt normal mucosal defense and healing mechanisms. Acid is an independent factor that contributes to disruption of mucosal integrity. Increased acid secretion has been observed in patients with DU and may result from HP infection. Patients with GU usually have normal or reduced rates of acid secretion. 

Alterations in mucosal defense induced by HP or NSAIDs are the most important cofactors in peptic ulcer formation. Mucosal defense and repair mechanisms include mucus and bicarbonate secretion, intrinsic epithelial cell defense, and mucosal blood flow. Maintenance of mucosal integrity and repair is mediated by endogenous prostaglandin production. 

K. Takeuchi, H. Urawa, S. Kato, O. Fururkawa, H. Araki, Y. Sugimoto, A. Ichikawa, F. Ushikubi, S. Narumiya, Impaired duodenal bicarbonate secretion and mucosal integrity in mice lacking prostaglandin E-receptor subtype EP3, Gastroenterology 117 (1999) 1128. 

Ray, A., Mediratta, P.K., Sen, P. (1992). Modulation by naltrexone of stress induced changes in humoral immune responsiveness and gastric mucosal integrity in rats. Physiol. Behav. 51 293-6. 

This concept has found expression in a proprietary nanoparticle technology in which a drug is reduced to nanometer-size particles in the presence of stabilizers. Originally developed for IV computer imaging, this technology shows considerable promise to increase absorption of poorly water soluble compounds. As the nanoparticle system is purely formulation in nature, it is unlikely to affect GI mucosal integrity. Nanoparticles are sufficiently small that they can be used parenterally, apparently without ill effects. More is... 

Biologic function Gastrointestinal mucosal integrity, platelet aggregation renal function other Inflammation, development, renal function, reproduction, bone metabolism, other... 

The discovery, in 1979, by Robert [123] of the remarkable ability of prostaglandins (PG) to increase the resistance of the gastric mucosa to damage started research on the role of defensive factors, such as the mucus-bicarbonate barrier, mucosal blood flow, neutralization of free radicals, stabilization of lisosomal membranes or nitric oxide on the gastric mucosal integrity. 

In vitro and in vivo methods have also been used to assess changes in the mucosal integrity of the gastrointestinal tract (Smecuol et al. 2001 Ymez et al. 2013). 

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