Mucins genes

Jany, B., Gallup, M., Tsuda, T. and Basbaum, C. (1991). Mucin gene expression in rat airways following infection and irritation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181, 1-8. 

The major surface coat component of Toxocara larvae runs as a set of four closely migrating bands with apparent mobility of 120 kDa on SDS-PAGE. One of these was cloned and sequenced, identified as a serine-rich mucin and designated MUC-1 (Gems and Maizels, 1996). We have now established that there are at least five distinct mucin genes in this parasite, which bear general similarity but important distinctions. Thus, MUC-2, MUC-3, MUC-4 and MUC-5 are all threonine-rich rather than serine-rich, and all five differ in the repeat motifs within the mucin domains. All have similar non-mucin, cysteine-rich domains originally termed NC6 (nematode six-cysteine) domains, and since renamed SXC (six-cysteine), as described below. All mucins have a pair of SXC domains at their C-terminus, while MUC-3 and MUC-5 also have paired N-terminal SXC domains. 

Shekels, L., Anway, R.E., Lin, J., Kennedy, M.W., Garside, P., Lawrence, C.E. and Ho, S.B. (2000) Coordinated Muc2 and Muc3 mucin gene expression in Trichinella spiralis infection in wild-type and cytokine deficient mice. Infection and Immunity (submitted). 

Chen Y, Thai P, Zhao YH, Ho YS, DeSouza MM, Wu R Stimulation of airway mucin gene expression by interleukin (IL)-17 through IL-6 paracrine/autocrine loop. J Biol Chem 2003 278 17036-17043. 

At present, nine different human epithelial mucin genes have been identified, each of which contains distinct sequences repeated in tandem that encode (apo)mucin core polypeptides (MUC) [10],... 

Lin J., Haruta A., Kawano H., Ho S.B., Adams G.L., Juhn S.K. and Kim Y. (2000) Induction of mucin gene expression in middle ear of rats by tumor necrosis factor-alpha potential cause for mucoid otitis media. J Infect Dis 182, 882-887 Madsen F., Eberth K. and Smart J.D. (1998) A Rheological examination of the Mucoadhe-sive/Mucus Interaction the Effect of Mucoadhesive Type and Concetration. J. Control Release 50, 167-178... 

Verdugo P. (1990). Goblet cells secretion and mucogenesis. Annu Rev Physiol 52, 157-176 Verdugo P. (1991). Mucin exocytosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 144, S33-S37 Vinall L.E., Pratt W.S. and Swallow D.M. (2000). Detection of mucin gene polymorphism. Methods Mol Biol 125, 337-350... 

Mack, D. R., Michail, S., Wei, S., McDougall, L., and Hollingsworth, M. A. (1999). Probiotics inhibit enteropathogenic E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression. Am. ]. Physiol. 276(4), G941-G950. 

Mattar, A. F., Teitelbaum, D. H., Drongowski, R. A., Yongyi, F., Harmon, C. M., and Coran, A. G. (2002). Probiotics up-regulate MUC-2 mucin gene expression in a Caco-2 cell-culture model. Pediatr. Surg. Int. 18, 586-590. 

Jeffery PK, Li D. Airway mucosa secretory cells, mucus and mucin genes. EurRespir J 10(7) 1655-1662, 1997. 

J. M. Di Noia, D. O. Sanchez, and A. C. C. Frasch, The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi has a family of genes resembling the mucin genes of mammalian cells,./. Biol. Chem., 270 (1995) 24146-24149. 

Kuan SF, Montag AG, Hart J, et al. Differential expression of mucin genes in mammary and extramammary Paget s disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001 25 1469-1477. 

Moniaux N, Escande F, Porchet N, et al. Structural organization and classification of the human mucin genes. Front Biosci. 2001 6 D1192-D1206. 

Terris B, Dubois S, Buisine MP, et al. Mucin gene expression in intraductal papillary-mucinous pancreatic tumours and related lesions. J Pathol. 2002 197 632-637. 

Cell surface-bound mucins can be involved in cell adhesion and also in the prevention of cell adhesion. For example, mucins participate in the control of cell adhesion mediated by integrin and E-cadherin. Some of these mucins are shed from the cell surface and are found in the bloodstream where they can play a role in the control of the immune system. For example, MUCl from breast cancer cells is shed and can be isolated from the serum. Depending on the nature of the mucins, they can block natural killer cell-mediated cell lysis and the action of cytotoxic lymphocytes. In cancer and other diseases affecting the epithelium, mucin gene expression is often altered. Especially, MUCl mucin is highly expressed on tumorigenic ductal epithelial cells. 

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