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MRSA resistance

Staphylococcus (MRSA) = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [Pg.83]

As recently as 1970, only about 30 naturally occurring organohalogen compounds were known. It was simply assumed that chloroform, halogenated phenols, chlorinated aromatic compounds called PCBs, and other such substances found in the environment were industrial pollutants. Now, only a third of a century later, the situation js quite different. More than 5000 organohalogen compounds have been found to occur naturally, and tens of thousands more surely exist. From a simple compound like chloromethane to an extremely complex one like vancomycin, a remarkably diverse range of organohalogen compounds exists in plants, bacteria, and animals. Many even have valuable physiological activity. Vancomycin, for instance, is a powerful antibiotic produced by the bacterium Amycolatopsis orientalis and used clinically to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). [Pg.351]

Methicillin-resistent staphylococci are strains of staphylococci, which show resistance to a wide variety of antibiotics. They are named for their resistance to methicillin, a (3 -lactamase-resistant penicillin. Methicil-lin-resistante Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a serious problem particularly in hospitals. [Pg.763]

Problems of recent years involving listeriosis, salmonellosis, giardiasis and Legionnaire s disease have received attention, as have the re-emergence of tuberculosis and the importance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). [Pg.90]

Early cephalosporins were spelt with ph, more recently with T. t Methicillin-resistant Staph, aureus (MRSA) strains are resistant to cephalosporins. t Enterococci are resistant to cephalosporins. [Pg.100]

MRSA strains are a frequent problem in hospital infechon, such strains often showing multiple antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, increased resistance to some... [Pg.273]

To prevent development of resistance and promote synergy, inhaled tobramycin or colistin is usually added to an oral fluoroquinolone for P. aeruginosa coverage.1,3 Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) may be treated with oral amoxiciUin-clavulanic acid, dicloxacillin, first- or second-generation cephalosporins, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or clindamycin, depending on sensitivity. Likewise, methiciUin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) may be treated with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, minocycline, or linezolid. H. influenzae often produces... [Pg.250]

MRSA methiciUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MSSA methiciUin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus... [Pg.255]

Infections acquired from an external source are referred to as exogenous infections. These infections may occur as a result of human-to-human transmission, contact with exogenous bacterial populations in the environment, and animal contact. Resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. [Pg.1021]

MRSA, methici 11in-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSE, methici llin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Adapted, with permission. [Pg.1035]

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) is becoming an increasingly common pathogen in cellulitis. CA-MRSA can be distinguished from health care-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) by its genetic dissimilarity, host population, drug susceptibility patterns, and toxin production. [Pg.1075]

Of the latter four agents, clindamycin has the most data supporting its use. However, the clinician must be aware of inducible clindamycin resistance. For CA-MRSA isolates determined to be resistant to erythromycin but sensitive to clindamycin, an additional laboratory analysis, known as the erythromycin-clindamycin D-zone test, is conducted to assess for inducible clindamycin resistance.15 Isolates for which the D-zone test indicates inducible resistance should not be treated with clindamycin. [Pg.1078]

CCA-MRSA isolates resistant to erythromycin should be evaluated for inducible clindamycin resistance. [Pg.1079]

Oral, narrow-spectrum antibiotic therapy with activity against Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal species. Include coverage for MRSA (HA- or CA-MRSA) according to patient history and resistance patterns in the area. [Pg.1083]

CA-MRSA isolates resistant to erythromycin should be evaluated for inducible clindamycin resistance. cLimited clinical data exist for the treatment of MRSA infections. [Pg.1083]

It is important to determine (1) whether the isolate is methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant and (2) whether the patient has a prosthetic valve. For patients with no prosthetic material, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci treatment should consist of a penicillinase-resistant penicillin (e.g., nafcillin or oxacillin) with or without gentamicin, and for methicillin-resistant strains, therapy should consist of vancomycin (see Table 71-4). Combination therapy with aminoglycosides, when used in these patients, typically is given only during the first 3 to 5 days of therapy. In the absence of prosthetic material, some treatment guidelines do not recommend combination therapy against MRSA. However, many clinicians may combine either gentamicin or rifampin with vancomycin if the patient is unresponsive to monotherapy. [Pg.1098]

For staphylococcal PVE, treatment length increases significantly, typically requiring a minimum of 6 weeks (see Table 71-5). For MSSA, a penicillinase-resistant penicillin is still employed, as well as vancomycin for MRSA. However, with either regimen, the addition of both gentamicin for first 2 weeks and rifampin for the entire length of treatment is recommended. [Pg.1098]

MSSA methicillin-sensitive S. aureus MRSA methicillin-resistant S. aureus NBTE nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis... [Pg.1103]

MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus PVD, peripheral vascular disease IJTI, urinary tract infection. [Pg.1179]


See other pages where MRSA resistance is mentioned: [Pg.251]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.839]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.956]    [Pg.788]    [Pg.251]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.839]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.956]    [Pg.788]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.150]    [Pg.683]    [Pg.774]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.134]    [Pg.194]    [Pg.197]    [Pg.204]    [Pg.223]    [Pg.263]    [Pg.399]    [Pg.401]    [Pg.1032]    [Pg.1047]    [Pg.1060]    [Pg.1078]    [Pg.1079]    [Pg.1082]    [Pg.1083]    [Pg.1098]    [Pg.1179]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.183 ]




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