Morphology optimization

Crystalline processes often provide a seed bed for crystal growth with an initial nucleation step. When attempting to control particle size and shape, an excessive number of nuclei can effectively make it impossible to achieve the desired size or morphology. Optimal processes with externally or internally (heel) added seed often require some level of seed conditioning. Principles for such conditioning are discussed in Chapter 5 and in some of the examples. 

Nourbakhsh A, Ganjipour B, Zahedifar M, Arzi E. Morphology optimization of CCVD-synthesized multiwall carhon nanotubes, using statistical design of experiments. Nanotechnology 2007 18 1-7. 

Figure 7.33 shows the morphological change from the surface to the center of the injection-molded product (thickness 2 mm). To obtain better physical properties, the morphology has been optimized by means of the control of the viscosity-ratio of each polymer component and shear rate distribution in the mold. The concept for morphological optimization in injection molding is illustrated in Fig. 7.34. 

Yun KM, Suryamas AB, Iskandar F, Bao L, Niinuma H, Okuyama K (2010) Morphology optimization of polymer nanoflber for applications in aerosol particle filtration. Sep Purif Technol 75(3) 340-345. doi 10.1016/j.sepput 2010.09.002... 

In this section, parameters and challenges facing morphology optimization in all-polymer blends are discussed. The discussion is restricted to the morphology of blends prepared by dissolving donor and acceptor polymers... 

In this part, we will discuss important observations made in OPV. Different material systems will be discussed and important processing methods and related morphology optimization will be compared and analyzed. 

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