Morantel

Monuron Monzomte Moody diagram Mooney viscometer Mooney viscometers MOPAC 5.0 benchmark 4-79Mo-Permalloy Mopping asphalt Morantel [20574-50-9]... 

Veterinary Products. Principal users of thiophene are the anthelmintics Pyrantel [15686-83-6] and Morantel [20574-50-9] (Pfizer) (59), based on 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde [5834-16-2], respectively. Tioconazole, one of a range of fungicidal products incorporating thiophene, has also found veterinary appHcations. 

Pyrantel and its methyl analogue, morantel, constitute the group of the tetrahydropyrimidine anthelminthics currently used in food-producing animals. Both... 

In all species, morantel is mostly unabsorbed and excreted in the feces. Only a small proportion of the administered dose is rapidly absorbed, producing peak blood levels within 4-6 h. The drug is quickly metabolized, presumably in the liver, and 17% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine of sheep in the form of metabolites within 4 days after administration (1). In cattle, less than 20% of the administered dose is recovered in the urine over 4 days after administration, whereas in swine 45% of the administered dose is excreted in urine within 24 h. 

Due to the extensive metabolism of morantel in vivo, total morantel-related residues in edible animal products are usually determined after their conversion to either A-methyl-l,3-propanediamine through alkaline hydrolysis or to 3-(3-methyl-2-thienyl (acrylic acid through digestion with hydrochloric acid. 

When calves were given orally a single dose of 5.9 mg radiolabeled mor-antel tartrate/kg bw, kidney contained 60 ppb, fat 20 ppb, and muscle less than 10 ppb of morantel equivalents at 7 days after dosing. In liver, the amounts of radioactivity were 495, 250, and 140 ppb morantel equivalents at 1, 14, and 28 day after dosing, respectively. Following conversion of residues to Al-methyl-1,3-propanediamine, the proportion of this compound in total residues in liver was found to be 59%, 54%, and 40% at 1,14, and 28 day after dosing, respectively. 

When ruminating calves were given an intraruminal bolus containing 12 g morantel, the concentrations of morantel residues, after their conversion into 3-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)acrylic acid, in muscle, kidney, and liver, were 15, 40, and 150 ppb morantel equivalents, respectively, at 7 days after dosing. 

When pigs were orally treated with a single dose of 15 mg radiolabeled morantel/kg bw, the amounts of radioactivity in muscle, skin, fat, liver, and kidney were 50, 100, 50, 826, and 150 ppb morantel equivalents, respectively, at 14-day after dosing. 

When dairy cows were treated with a single oral dose of 5 mg radiolabeled morantel/kg bw, total radioactivity in milk peaked at 84 ppb at the second milking to decline thereafter to 49 ppb and 19 ppb at the fourth and sixth milking, respectively. 

Pyrantel, the parent compound of morantel, is used against gastrointestinal parasites of sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, and deer at dosages in the range 15-20 mg/kg bw. Its tartrate salt is administered orally to animals in forms of a feed premix, pellets, or drench. 

Pyrantel exliibits absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and elimination profiles similar to those of morantel. Pyrantel tartrate is well absorbed with peak plasma levels occurring 2-3 h after dosing. In ruminants, urinary excretion accounts for about 25% of the administered dose, while much of the remainder passes unchanged in feces. However, the pamoate salt is very poorly absorbed, most of the dose being excreted in feces. 

Morantel tartrate 556.425 N-methyl-1,3- Cattle, goat Liver (target) — 700... 

Sum of residues which may be hydrolyzed to N-Methyl-1,3-propanediamine and expressed as morantel equivalents... 

In the period 1992-1994, the drugs and groups of drugs screened by the National Residue Program included antibiotics, sulfonamides, ivermectin, halofuginone, levamisole, and morantel tartrate. The microbial assays applied by FSIS for monitoring antibiotics could detect chiortetracyciine, oxytetracycline, tetracy-... 

Table 13.6 National Residue Monitoring Program Results for Levamisole and Morantel Tartrate over the Period 1993-1994 in the United States...

Both pyrantel (13a) and morantel (13b) are depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents that stimulate ganglia and also possess acetylcholine-like actions on smooth muscle. 

Methocarbamol, methotrimeprazine, morantel, neopine, noscapine (fades), pyrantel Butaperazine, dopamine, tridihexethyl... 

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