Moncada

Three years later Robert F Furchgott discov ered that the relaxing of smooth muscles such as blood vessel walls was stimulated by an unknown substance produced in the lining of the blood vessels (the endothelium) He called this substance the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor or EDRF and in 1986 showed that EDRF was NO Louis J Ignarro reached the same conclusion at about the same time Further support was provided by Salvador Moncada who showed that endothelial cells did in deed produce NO and that the l arginine to l citrulline conversion was responsible... 

Moncada S, Palmer RMJ, Higgs EA (1991) Nitric oxide physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 43 109-142... 

From February 1995 to June 1997, endosulfan concentrations (isomers not specified) in soil samples were studied from the greater Cholutecan River Basin of Honduras (Kammerbauer and Moncada 1998). Endosulfan was found in Choluteca and La Lima soil at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.02 mg/kg. 

Kammerbauer J, Moncada J. 1998. Pesticide residue assessment in three selected agricultural production systems in the Choluteca River Basin of Honduras. Environ Pollut 103 171-181. 

Not all oxidants formed biolc cally have the potential to promote lipid peroxidation. The free radicals superoxide and nitric oxide [or endothelium-derived relaxing aor (EDRF)] are known to be formed in ww but are not able to initiate the peroxidation of lipids (Moncada et tU., 1991). The protonated form of the superoxide radical, the hydroperoxy radical, is capable of initiating lipid peroxidation but its low pili of 4.5 effectively precludes a major contribution under most physiological conditions, although this has been suggested (Aikens and Dix, 1991). Interestingly, the reaction product between nitric oxide and superoxide forms the powerful oxidant peroxynitrite (Equation 2.6) at a rate that is essentially difiiision controlled (Beckman eta/., 1990 Huie and Padmaja, 1993). 

Darley-Usmar, V.M., Hogg, N., O Leary, V.J., Wilson, M.T. and Moncada, S. (1992). The simultaneous generation of supreroxide and nitric oxide can initiate lipid preroxidation in human low density lipoprotein. Free Rad. Res. Commun. 17, 9-20. 

Moncada, S., Palmer, R and Higgs, E.A. (1991). Nitric oxide physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Pharmacol. Rev. 43, 109-142. 

Farrell, A.J., Blake, D.R., Palmer, R.J. and Moncada, S. (1992). Increased concentrations of nitrite in synovial fluid and serum samples surest increased nitric oxide synthesis in rheumatic diseases. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 51, 1219-1222. 

Moncada, S., Radomski, M.W. and Palmer, R.M. (1988). Endothelium-derived relaxing factor identification as nitric oxide and role in the control of vascular tone and platelet function. Biochem. Pharmacol. 37, 2495-2501. 

Di Rosa, M., Radomski, M., Carnuccio, R. and Moncada, S. (1990). Glucocorticoids inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase in macrophages. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 173, 1246-1252. 

Moncada, S., Palmer, RM.J. and Hi, E.A. (1989). Biosynthesis of nitric oxide from L-aiginine is a pathway for the regulation of cell function and communication. Biochem. Pharmacol. 38, 1709-1715. 

Mulligan, M.S., Moncada, S. and Ward, P.A. (1992). Protective eflfect of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase in immune complex-induced vasculitis. Br. J. Pharmacol. 107, 1159-1162. 

Boughton-Smith, N.K., Berry, S., Evans, S.M., Whittle, B.J.R, and Moncada, S. (1992c). Intestinal damage and the induction of nitric oxide synthase by endotoxin in the rat. Gastroenterology 102, A598. 

Vallance, P. and Moncada, S. (1991). Hyperdynamic circulation in cirrhosis, a role for nitric oxide Lancet 337, 776-778. 

N5. Nava, E Palmer, M. J., and Moncada, S., Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in septic shock How much is beneficial . Lancet 338, 1555-1557 (1991). 

M.W. Radomski, R.M.J. Palmer, and S. Moncada, An L-arginine nitric-oxide pathway present in human platelets regulates aggregation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 5193-5197 (1990). 

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