Bivalve molluscs

Ramon M, Cano J, Pena BJ et al (2005) Current status and perspectives of mollusc (bivalves and gastropods) culture in the Spanish Mediterranean. Boletin Institute Espanol de Oceano-grafia 21 361-373... 

MARINE MOLLUSCS Bivalves, California, 1984-1986, soft parts Clam, Corbicula sp. 5.4-11.5 DW 34... 

Molluscs, bivalves, Hudson River, 1970, Cs, soft parts... 

Pannella, G., 1976. Tidal growth patterns in recent and fossil mollusc bivalve shells a tool for the reconstruction of paleotides. Naturwissenschaften, 63 539—543. 

Laternula elliptica, one of the largest bivalves in the Antarctic marine environment, has been proposed as a biomonitor of trace metals in coastal waters (67, 70). Although gastropod molluscs have been less extensively used for monitoring trace metals pollution that mollusc bivalves, they show eharacteristics useful for these studies (61). The limpet Nacella concinna is the most abundant and often the only invertebrate found in the littoral zone of the Antarctic peninsula. 

Dunstan, S. L., et al. (2000). Cloning and expression of the bioluminescent photoprotein pholasin from the bivalve mollusc Pholas dactylus. J. Biol. Chem. 275 9403-9409. 

Ice scouring of the intertidal zone in arctic waters makes this virtually sterile. This was noted more than 170 years ago by Keilhau (1831)—so that attention was directed to components of the subtidal zone to which little attention had previously been directed, and which was expected to be particularly sensitive to oil spills. Changes in the components of the macrobenthos including infauna, epibenthos, and macroalgae were examined, and attention was also directed to the histopathological and biochemical responses of bivalve molluscs that were affected in different ways by exposure to the dispersed and the undispersed oil. 

The ability of bivalve molluscs to synthesize sterols is questioned [106]. Approximately forty sterols have been identified from the oyster Crassostrea virginica and, since it appeared that many of the sterols identified must be of dietary origin, the ability of the oyster to incorporate injected radioactive acetate was studied [110]. Of the forty sterols naturally occurring in the oyster, only four were labelled by injection of labelled acetate cholesterol, desmosterol, 24-methylenecholesterol and fucosterol. However, when an oyster hearth tissue culture was grown aseptically with addition of labelled acetate, the sterols were found to be non-radioactive [111], This finding does not rule out the possibility... 

Occurrence in molluscs of steroidogenesis along a pathway very similar to that found in vertebrates has been claimed. Testosterone (64) - androstenedione (65) interconversion has been demonstrated in gonads of the male and female bivalve - Mytilus edulis [117] and of the gastropod Crepidula fornicata [118], by using labelled testosterone and androstenedione. Moreover, several steroids have been identified in the gonads and hepatopancreas of the opisthobranch... 

Pholasin is the protein-bound luciferin from the bivalve mollusc Pholas dactylus. This substrate reacts with its luciferase and molecular oxygen to produce light. The photoprotein, commercially available, undergoes an oxidative... 

Chelomin, V.P. and N.N. Belcheva. 1992. The effect of heavy metals on processes of lipid peroxidation in microsomal membranes from the hepatopancreas of the bivalve mollusc Mizuhopecten yessoensis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 103C 419-422. 

Bivalve molluscs, 3 species, soft parts, Chesapeake 5 (0.6-27) DW 17... 

In aquatic environments, waterborne lead was the most toxic form. Adverse effects were noted on daphnid reproduction at 1.0 pg Pb+2/L, on rainbow trout survival at 3.5 pg tetraethyllead/L, and on growth of marine algae at 5.1 pg Pb+2/L. High bioconcentration factors were recorded for filter-feeding bivalve molluscs and freshwater algae at 5.0 pg Pb+2/L. 

Berthet, B., J.C. Amiard, C. Amiard-Triquet, M. Martoja, and A.Y. Jeantet. 1992. Bioaccumulation, toxicity and physico-chemical speciation of silver in bivalve molluscs ecotoxicological and health consequences. Sci. Total Environ. 125 97-122. 

Tributyltin antifouling paints were banned for use in tin-based paints in the U.K. in 1987. Field work on the River Crouch Estuary showed that sediments from areas most contaminated with TBT in 1987 contained 0.16 mg TBT/kg DW however, by 1992 this had declined to 0.02 mg TBT/kg DW. TBT declines were accompanied by increases in abundance and diversity of benthic fauna, especially bivalve molluscs and amphipod crustaceans (Rees et al. 1999 Waldock et al. 1999). 

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