Molecular tumor

Djidja M, Claude E, Snel M, Francese S, Scriven P, Cardan V, Clench M (2010) Novel molecular tumor classification using MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging of tissue micro-assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 397 587-601. doi 10.1007/s00216-3554-6... 

Muskiet, F. A. (1982). The use of quantitative mass spectrometry for the determination of low molecular tumor markers. Int. Symp. Quant. Mass Spectrom. Life Sci. 4th, Ghent, May (Plenary Lecture). 

Example of Use Analysis of 1000 Microdissected Cells from PanIN Grades for the Identification of a New Molecular Tumor Marker Using CyDye DICE Saturation Fluors... 

McLeod H (2007) Graying anatomy Toward molecular tumor characterization. Pharmacogenomics 8(1) 15-16... 

A principal appHcation for photomedicine is the photodynamic treatment of cancer. Photochemical and clinical aspects of this topic have been reviewed (10,11). Direct irradiation of tumors coupled with adininistration of a sensitizer is used to effect necrosis of the malignancy. In this process, an excited state sensitizer interacts with dissolved in vivo to effect conversion of the oxygen from its triplet ground state to an excited singlet state, which is highly cytotoxic. In principle, excited sensitizers in either the singlet or the triplet state can effect this conversion of molecular oxygen (8). In... 

A protein with the innocuous name p53 is one of the most frequently cited biological molecules in the Science Citation Index. The "p" in p53 stands for protein and "53" indicates a molecular mass of 53 kDa. The p53 protein plays a fundamental role in human cell growth and mutations in this protein are frequently associated with the formation of tumors. It is estimated that of the 6.5 million people diagnosed with one or another form of cancer each year about half have p53 mutations in their tumor cells and that the vast majority of these mutations are single point mutations. 

One of the most important molecular functions of p53 is therefore to act as an activator of p21 transcription. The wild-type protein binds to specific DNA sequences, whereas tumor-derived p53 mutants are defective in sequence-specific DNA binding and consequently cannot activate the transcription of p5 3-con trolled genes. As we will see more than half of the over one thousand different mutations found in p53 involve amino acids which are directly or indirectly associated with DNA binding. 

For additional evaluation of the effect of hydrophobization and the molecular weight of the polymers on the biological immuno-stimulating activity, we investigated the ex vivo cytokine (interIeukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor [TNFj-inducing activity from human peripheral whole blood cells of hydrophobized polymers by use of fractionated poly(M A-CDA) with narrow poly-dispersity. Since this assay uses the intact human cells, it shows more accurate results than in vitro assay using cultured cell line [25]. 

Acid- and alkaline phosphatases act on a variety of mono- and multiple phosphate carrying low molecular mass molecules. In addition, they hydrolyze many, but not all, phosphoproteins. They are in use for decades to easily screen for diseases, however, somewhat unspe-cifially. For instance, acid phosphatase is used as biomarker for prostate cancer, and alkaline phosphatase to monitor bone (de-) mineralization and liver tumors. 

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in patients with chronic liver diseases associated with hepatitis B and hepatitis C vims infections with high incidences. Here, an acyclic retinoid has been shown to suppress the posttherapeutic recurrence after interferon-y or glycerrhicin treatment in cirrhotic patients who underwent curative treatment of preceding tumors. The retinoid induced the disappearance of serum lectin-reactive a-fetoprotein (AFP-L3), a tumor marker indicating the presence of unrecognizable tumors in the remnant liver, suggesting a deletion of such minute (pre)malignant clones (clonal deletion). As a molecular mechanism of the clonal deletion, a novel mechanism of... 

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