Molecular solids properties

Jones W (1997) In Jones W (ed) Organic molecular solids properties and applications. CRC, New York, p 149... 

Jones, W. (1997). Reactivity and crystal design in organic solid state chemistry in Organic Molecular Solids. Properties and Applications (W. Jones, Ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, US. 

Jones, W. (1997). In Organic Molecular Solids Properties and Applications. 

Bassler, H. In Organic Molecular Solids Properties and Applications, Jones, W., Ed. CRC Press Boca Raton, FL, 1997 Ch. 9. 

Since the structure and properties of fullerene solids are strongly dependent on the structure and properties of the constituent fullerene molecules, we first review the structure of the molecules, which is followed by a review of the structure of the molecular solids formed from Ceo, C70 and higher mass fullerenes, and finally the structure of Cgo crystals. 

The remaining four elements form molecular solids. The atoms of white phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine are strongly bonded into small molecules (formulas, P4, S8, and Cl2, respectively) but only weak attractions exist between the molecules. The properties are all appropriate to this description. Of course there is no simple trend in the properties since the molecular units are so different. 

Distinguish metallic solids, ionic solids, network solids, and molecular solids by their structures and by their properties (Sections 5.8-5.11 and 5.14). 

The molecules of a molecular solid retain their individual properties. Solid I2, for example, is dark in color because individual I2 molecules absorb visible light, as shown by the fact that I2 vapor also is colored. Glucose dissolved in coffee tastes just as sweet as solid glucose because the sweet taste of glucose comes from its shape, which is the same in the solid phase as it is in solution. 

In the present work, such a systematic approach to the physical characterization of pharmaceutical solids is outlined. Techniques available for the study of physical properties are classified as being associated with the molecular level (properties associated with individual molecules), the particulate level (properties pertaining to individual solid particles), and the bulk level (properties associated with an ensemble of particulates). Acquisition of this range of physical information yields a total profile of the pharmaceutical solid in question, whether it is an active drug, an excipient, or a blend of these. The development of a total profile is a requirement for successful manufacture of any solid dosage form. 

Considering all we know up to now, the specific properties of zeolites can be summarized as follows. Zeolites are aluminosilicates with defined microporous channels or cages. They have excellent ion-exchange properties and can thus be used as water softeners and to remove heavy metal cations from solutions. Furthermore, zeolites have molecular sieve properties, making them very useful for gas separation and adsorption processes, e.g., they can be used as desiccants or for separation of product gas streams in chemical processes. Protonated zeolites are efficient solid-state acids, which are used in catalysis and metal-impregnated zeolites are useful catalysts as well. 

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The paramount advantage of molecular solids over their more classical inorganic counterparts is that their constituents, the building blocks, are molecules or clusters that can be designed and synthesized in other words they can be intentionally modified. Therefore, we can talk about molecular and crystal engineering and the goal is to be able to produce materials with predetermined physical properties. We are not yet at this desired level but the scientific and technical bases are certainly at hand. 

Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Organic Molecular Solids,... 

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