Molecular bioprobe

In general, bioprobes are defined [1] as follows Bioprobes are functional molecules or devices that provide information about biological systems. They can fimction on a macroscopic, microscopic, or submicroscopic scale (bionanometrology and molecular-scale observation of biological systems). The term bioprobe is used in this chapter, however, to describe molecular structures that can function as probes to provide information about biological systems. These are molecular bioprobes, as distinct, for example, from microelectrodes or other macroscopic... 

It is also important to establish that the chemistry of molecular bioprobes is not a sub-discipline of molecular recognition [i.e. host-guest chemistry [4] (Fig. 7.1) in which a guest molecule binds in an artificial receptor site (the host ) which through selective interactions provides the recognition effect] rather, it is an application of molecular recognition. 

Scheme 4.5 Polyaminocarboxylate ligands and Eu", Tb " complexes for molecular bioprobes...

BioProbes 18, Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, Oregon, November 1993, p. 20. 

In addition to the technique of molecular biology, the chemicals FK506 and cyclosporine A were used as bioprobes in these studies. The chemicals were used like an antibody to co-precipitate target proteins, which inspired the field of chemical biology [6],... 

Because the molecular weight of natural products is usually larger than that of synthetic compounds, namral products are not considered to be suitable for medicines taken orally. However, it is not necessary to limit the screening source for chemical compounds when bioprobes are explored. Natural products vary widely in chemical structure as well as biological activity. Numerous compounds have been isolated from microbes, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi, and some are potential drug candidates. 

Mishani, E., Abourbeh, G., Rozen, Y., Jacobson, O., Laky, D., David, I.B., Levitzki, A., and Shaul, M. Novel carbon-11 labeled dimethyl-amino-but-2-enoic acid [4-(phenylamino)-qui-nazoline-6-yl]-amides potential PET bioprobes for molecular imaging of EGFR-positive tumors. Nucl. Med. Biol., 31 469-476, 2004. 

A new polynuclear dendritic structure (Sm -G3P-2,3-naphthalimide) exhibits, upon a single excitation wavelength, two types of emission in the visible and in the near-infrared (NIR) ranges. The Sm macro-molecular complex can operate as a bioprobe suitable for microscopy in living cells, emitting both visible and NIR light. 

Beyond the issues of how it is determined, molecular similarity plays a substantive role in many areas of chemical informatics and drug research. This is illustrated by the work described in the chapters of this volume, which clearly shows that the molecular similarity landscape that was once only populated with methods designed primarily to handle small molecules has been transformed. Not only does it now include improved methods for treating small molecules, but also includes macromolecules (or parts thereof), especially those that are putative targets for drugs and small molecule bioprobes. 

Functional gold nanomateiials have been used for various types of biolabeling and fife-related molecular diagnostics due to their unique optical, catalytic, and biocompatible properties. Recently, attention has been paid to chemiluminescent functionalized gold nanomateiials as bioprobes for bioassays [67]. 

Carboxylate Lanthanide Complexes with Multi-dentate Ligands Lanthanides Luminescence Applications Lanthanides in Living Systems Luminescence Luminescent Bioprobes Metal-Organic Frameworks Molecular Magnetic Materials Near-Infrared Materials. 

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