Moisture indicators

B.W. Brodman MJ. Ennis, Moisture Indicating Lacquer for 20mm Ammunition , Frankford Ars MR M-73-20-1 (1973) 60) Anon, Explo-... 

Delmhorst Moisture Indicator. This instrument and its suitability for detg the moisture content of AN were discussed by ... 

Differential thermal analysis (DTA) thermograms of ( )-etodolac sodium salt exhibited endothermic transitions around 80,120, and 297°C and an exothermic transition around 83°C [12]. The exothermic phase change was observed after exposure of the sample to moisture, indicating conversion of the amorphous form of ( )-etodolac sodium salt to a crystalline phase. In contrast, the thermogram of (+)-etodolac sodium salt, after exposure to moisture, showed endotherms at 60, 80, 120, and 297°C, indicating that the salt contained methanol, acetonitrile, and water. There was no sign of degradation product formation. 

The circulation and bubble tubes are vertical apparatuses with vapour jackets. The reactors are vertical cylindrical apparatuses with spherical welded bottoms and removable lids (with cylindrical baskets" with cationite KU-23 or askanite. The reactors are fashioned with capacitance moisture indicators. To moisturise cationite or ascanite, the apparatus is filled with live steam. The separators are vertical cylindrical apparatuses with conical bottoms and removable spherical lids. The reactors and separators operate under 0.02 MPa. 

Fig. 20. Modified Burg apparatus. A, port to oxygen supply B, stopcock C, glass-wool plug D, moisture-indicating P4O1 o E, 500-mL suction flask F, T tube H, three-way stopcock J, mercury manometer K, gas exit port L, 150 mL mercury M, 500-mL suction flask N, tapered ground-glass joints (65/40) O, Pyrex combustion tube (length 100 cm o.d. 20 mm) P, porcelain boat Q, mercury manometer.

Keratolytics are available in a multitude of formulations for treating skin diseases. Prolonged use of salicylic acid preparations over large areas, especially in children and patients with renal and hepatic impairment, can result in salicylism. Irritation is a common side effect with higher concentrations. Lactic acid (Lac-hydrin, others) is an emoUient that contains 12% lactic acid, which is an effective moisturizer indicated for the treatment of xerosis and ichthyosis vulgaris. 

Anhydrous KPb] is a sensitive moisture indicator since it produces the yellow PbIg rather than the hydrate. See the article by Biltz for particulars of detection of traces of H O in gases or organic solvents with either solid KPb] or KPb] dissolved in acetone. 

MOISTURE INDICATOR - Instrument used to measure moisture content of a refrigerant. 

In Case 7, a thermoplastic die-attach adhesive was used. The large amount of carbon dioxide indicates decomposition, but the small amount of moisture indicates that moisture may have been generated, but gettered by oxides or metals in the package. Often when moisture is expected to be high, but is low, and hydrogen is present, the moisture is believed to have reacted with oxides or metals to produce hydrogen. 

The compound was found to be stable to oxygen and moisture, indicating that the trimethylsilyl substituents can serve as effective steric blockades against external attack. 

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