Chaotic mixers

Passive mixers can be categorized according to the arrangement of the mixed phases, i. e., parallel lamination mixers, serial lamination mixers, injection mixers, chaotic mixers, etc. [5]. 

Fig. 5. Mixing in the partitioned pipe mixer, (a) Schematic view of the mixer geometry one element of the mixer is shown, and the mixer comprises several such elements joined together, (b) KAM surfaces in flow bounding regions of regular flow, (c) A and B show examples of experimentally obtained streaklines undeformed streaklines pass through KAM tubes, whereas streaklines in the chaotic region are well mixed. The white arrows indicate the location of a companion streak-tube. (Khakhar, Franjione, and Ottino, 1987 Kusch and Ottino, 1992).

Khakhar, D. V., Franjione, J. G. and Ottino, J. M., A case study of chaotic mixing in deterministic flows the partitioned pipe mixer. Chem. Eng. ScL 42,2909-2926 (1987). 

Stroock AD, Dertinger SKW, Ajdari A, Mezic I, Stone HA, Whitesides GM (2002) Chaotic mixer for microchannels. Science 295 647-651... 

A microliter-level chaotic mixer - used to combine reagent solutions from the rotary mixer with microlitre quantities of enzyme solution in buffer to give a homogeneous reaction mixture (CA in PBS, pH 7.4) ... 

This chaotic electroosmotic micro mixer has not been realized so far only a theoretical study on the principle of the device was made [28], A schematic was given which can serve as base for the future realization of such a device (see Figure 1.17). 

A mixer, which is part of a sensor system, has diagonal grooves on the channel bottom [142], This creates a lateral flow enlarging the interfacial area. No indication is given whether this measure causes the flow to become chaotic. 

M 80] [P 70] From prior experience with the chaotic screw extruder, it was estimated that the presence of the barrier structures in the barrier-embedded mixer accounts for about a 10% reduction in flow rate as compared with the slanted grooved mixer [58], Thus, a large mixing improvement is given at the cost of only a small reduction in flow rate. 

C., An optimized split-and-recombine micro mixer with uniform chaotic mixing, Lab Chip 2004, 4, 65-69. 

S. S., A barrier embedded chaotic micro-mixer, J. Micromech. Microeng. 2004, 34, 798-805. 

To facilitate mixing, mixers based on chaotic advection in special microstructures were constructed. For instance, in a PDMS fluidic mixer, small chevron-shaped indentations, which were not centered, were constructed in the channel. Such an arrangement forced the fluid to recirculate in order to achieve a mixing effect [184],... 

Potentiometric measurement using a Pt electrode has been employed in a titration (between Cr,072 and Fe(CN)63 ) which was carried out on a PDMS-glass chip. An 11-channel serial dilutor was used to produce the different titrant concentrations, and a chaotic advective mixer was incorporated to facilitate solution mixing [769]. 

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