Mitotic cycle, cell

Choi, T., Aoki, E, Mori, M., Yamashita, M., Nagahama, Y., and Kohmoto, K. (1991). Activation of p34nfc2 protein kinase activity in meiotic and mitotic cell cycles in mouse oocytes and embryos. Development 113 789-795. 

Based on the functional analysis of Cdkl and Cdk2 complexes, we have proposed a model for the conversion of the mitotic cell cycle into an endoreduplication cycle (Fig. 1A Edgar Lehner 1996). Accordingly, this cell cycle conversion is dependent on elimination of Cdkl activity and periodic activation of cyclin E/Cdk2. Cyclin E is required for endocycles and a pulse of ectopic cyclin E expression is sufficient to trigger endoreduplication. Cdk2... 

Switch from the meiotic to the mitotic cell cycle... 

The very beginning of the first mitotic cell cycle of the mouse embryo seems to be controlled by the mechanisms characteristic for both meiotic and mitotic cell cycles. Active MAP kinase, its substrate p90rsk and the CSF activity itself could influence the cellular processes within the one-cell embryo. Indeed, we have observed that despite the entry into the interphase (as judged by the low activity of MPF) some proteins are actively phosphorylated as during the meiotic M phase (e.g. 35 kDa complex Howlett et al 1986, Szollosi et al 1993), the nuclei and the microtubule interphase network start to form only 1.5 hours after activation (Szollosi et al 1993). This delay in the phenomena characteristic for the interphase could be linked to the mixed meiotic/mitotic character of this early period. This delay probably allows the correct transformation of the sperm nucleus into the male pronucleus. In species like Xenopus or Drosophila the transitional period between the meiotic and the mitotic cell cycle control is probably much shorter since it is proportional to duration of the short first cell cycle of these rapidly cleaving embryos. Mammalian embryos are perhaps the most suitable to study this transition because of the exceptionally long first embryonic cell cycle. 

G proteins guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins Gl first gap in mitotic cell cycle G2 second gap in mitotic cell cycle... 

M phase portion of mitotic cell cycle including mitosis and cytokinesis during which the cell separates the duplicated genome into two identical halves MAPK mitogen activated protein kinase MEK MAPK/ERK kinase MEKK MAPK/ERK kinase kinase... 

S phase synthesis portion of mitotic cell cycle during which DNA is duplicated. 

A, Bottega S, Wong B, Mendelsohn J, Koff A. Formation of p27-CDK complexes during the human mitotic cell cycle. Cell Growth Differ. 1996 7 135-146. 48. 

Cho RJ, Campbell MJ, Winzeler EA, Steinmetz L, Conway A, Wodicka L, Wolfsberg TG, Gabrielian AE, Landsman D, Lockhart DJ, Davis RW (1998) A genome-wide transcriptional analysis of the mitotic cell cycle. Molecular Cell 2 65... 

Liu J, Grimison B, LeweUyn AL, Mailer JL. 2006. The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome inhibitor Emi2 is essential for meiotic but not mitotic cell cycles. J Biol Chem 281(46) 34736-34741. 

Barlow PW, Macdonald PDM (1973) An analysis of the mitotic cell cycle in the root meristem of Zea mays. Proc Roy Soc Lond B 183 385-398 Basrur SV, Fletcher RA, Basrur PK (1976) In vitro effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) on bovine cells. Can J Comp Med 40 408-415 Batra MW, Edwards KL, Scott TK (1975) Auxin transport in roots Its characteristics and relationships to growth. In Torrey JG, Clarkson DT (eds) The development and function of roots. Academic Press, London New York, pp 299-325 Beasley CA, Ting IP (1973) The effects of plant growth substances on in vitro fiber development from fertilized cotton ovules. Am J Bot 60 130-139 Beasley CA, Ting IP (1974) Phytohormone effects on in vitro cotton seed development. 

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