Migration of Water-Soluble Substances in Rocks

Migration of water-soluble substances is a common process occurring in rocks and soils (Chapter 1, Section 1.3.6.2). This process is the net result of different hydrological and sorption processes. Hydrological processes (Chapter 1, Equation 1.127), that is, the movement of water, are governed by the water levels. Sorption processes can decrease the rate of water movement via interfacial processes (Chapter 1, Equations 1.128-1.131). In this chapter, the effect of sorption will be shown on the migration rate of water-soluble substances. 

1 Sorption and Migration of Carrier-Free Radioactive Isotopes in Rocks 

1 A Model Predicting Migration Rate on the Basis of Mineral Composition 

This problem may be treated by a linear model (Konya et al. 2005 Nemes et al. 2006) by which the quantity of radioactive isotopes sorbed on a rock can be evaluated if we know the mineral composition of the rock and the distribution coefficients (Chapter 1, Equations 1.94 and 1.95) of the different minerals. 

As discussed in Chapter 1, Section 1.3.3, cations can usually be sorbed onto geological formations (rocks and soils) by adsorption (Chapter 1, Section 1.3.3.1) and cation exchange (Chapter 1, Section 1.3.3.2). 

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Migration of Water-Soluble Substances in Rocks and Soils... 

In this chapter, the relationship of geological origins and interfacial properties of bentonite clay will be reviewed first. Then we will discuss the migration of water-soluble substances in rocks and soil, and the effect of sorption on the migration. A linear model will be derived by which the quantity of ion sorbed on rocks can be estimated when the mineral composition and sorption parameters of the mineral components are known. Surface acid-base properties of soils will be discussed, and the sorption of an anion (cyanide ion) will be shown on different soils and sediments. 

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