Sorption Parameters

Fowle and Fein (1999) measured the sorption of Cd, Cu, and Pb by B. subtilis and B. licheniformis using the batch technique with single or mixed metals and one or both bacterial species. The sorption parameters estimated from the model were in excellent agreement with those measured experimentally, indicating that chemical equilibrium modeling of aqueous metal sorption by bacterial surfaces could accurately predict the distribution of metals in complex multicomponent systems. Fein and Delea (1999) also tested the applicability of a chemical equilibrium approach to describing aqueous and surface complexation reactions in a Cd-EDTA-Z . subtilis system. The experimental values were consistent with those derived from chemical modeling. 

It is also recognized that the sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds onto dissolved organic matter can significantly increase the solubility of the compounds under aqueous conditions. The importance of solubility in determining the fate of PPCPs will be discussed in Section 3.3.2. Where available, the sorption data can be htted to the Freundlich equation [Eq. (3.17)] to derive sorption parameters for the matrix ... 

TABLE 3.2 Sorption Parameters for Six Commonly Encountered Pharmaceuticals in Two Soils and with Sludge Digested Under Distinctly Different Conditions"... 

This hydrogel has structure of a globular porous substance that may be described in terms of traditional structure-sorption parameters such as size of a globule, specific surface area, size and volume of pores, and pore size distribution. 

Design of column experiments for estimating sorption parameters ... 

Eq. 4 is amenable to solution techniques based on the numerical inversion of Laplace-transformed equations these calculations can be performed rapidly and are therefore suitable for calibration. In Figure 1, typical soil/bentonite column predictions are shown to highlight the effect of the influent mixing zone on the spatial contaminant distributions for low-flow systems. The simulation results, which were generated for column conditions described by Khandelwal et al. (1998), indicate that the mixing zone has a significant influence on the shape of the spatial contaminant distribution and, therefore should be considered explicitly in estimating sorption parameters from spatial column data. 

Table l. Selected properties and Tween 80 Langmuir sorption parameters for Ottawa 20-30 mesh sand, Ottawa F-70 sand and Wurtsmilh aquifer material. 

Hector A. Iglesias and Jorge Chirife, Handbook of Food Isotherms Water Sorption Parameters for Food and Food Components. 1982. 

In this linear form, /a versus 1/c function is plotted, the slope is 1/b, the intercept is l/z. This linear form is fairly suitable for the determination of the sorption parameter (b) since it is calculated from the slope. 

In this chapter, the relationship of geological origins and interfacial properties of bentonite clay will be reviewed first. Then we will discuss the migration of water-soluble substances in rocks and soil, and the effect of sorption on the migration. A linear model will be derived by which the quantity of ion sorbed on rocks can be estimated when the mineral composition and sorption parameters of the mineral components are known. Surface acid-base properties of soils will be discussed, and the sorption of an anion (cyanide ion) will be shown on different soils and sediments. 

The sorption parameters allow the prediction of the migration properties, too, because the sorption properties are simply added to the hydrological properties (Chapter 1, Equations 1.128-1.131 Section 3.2.2). 

Sorption Parameters and Distribution Coefficients from Initial Mass Isotherms... 

This work shows the ability of the temporal analysis of products technique to obtain the transport and sorption parameters for the NO-carbon system. These parameters are directly related to the nature and number of functional groups on the carbon. 

Loughiin, K. F Hassan, M. M. Fatehi, A. 1. Zahur, M. Rate and equilibrium sorption parameters for nitrogen and methane on carbon molecular scieve. Gas Sep. Purif. 1993,... 

In other words, the present studies based on of the relationships of the porous stucture formation of binary systems are promising for synthesizing porous materials from components with different surface properties and sorption parameters. This allows researchers to change properties of porous materials, enhancing the useful functions and suppressing active surface sites responsible for by-processes. 

Equally disturbing is that sorption parameters (i.e., Langmuir sorption parameters) obtained from batch and thin-disk methods are different (Miller cl al., 1989). This was attributed to the fact that batch systems are closed whereas flow systems arc open so that the competitive antecedent solute species is removed, ll is apparent that much more work needs to be done on... 

Iglesias, H.A., Chirife, J. 1982. Handbook of food isotherms water sorption parameters for food and food components, New York Academic Press. 

Figure 1. Freundlich plot of Mo(VI) sorption parameters for sewage-contaminated ground water and uncontaminated ground water. The size of plotted experimental data points in all Figures encompasses the analytical error.

Of course, the relative sorption parameters for altomes and olefins can influence the balance of cracking or isomerisation versus bimolecular hydrogen transfer, particularly at very hi Si/Al (27), and this effect is under investigation for these lower Si/Al materiils. 

Polymer-solvent interactions have been examined by viscometric studies of polymer-solvent-non-solvent mixtures in dilute solution84 86). The Fox-Flory model which relates the molecular parameters of the unperturbed dimension and the linear expansion coefficient to the total sorption parameter has been used. The latter can be obtained by the simultaneous solution of several Equations when the intrinsic viscosities of the mixtures are known. This method is in an early stage of development and pro-... 

All the parameters and parameter groups discussed above may vary due to temperature variation. Carbol et al. (2002) have studied the temperature dependence of sorption parameters for cesium. However, the definite trend of variation of sorption parameters when temperature changes is still unclear. In this study, we therefore do not consider the variation of the sorption parameters with temperature. The porosity is also assumed to be unchanged by temperature. We focus our study mainly on the influences of temperature on the width of the effective aperture and the parameter group K (mainly through the variation of the diffiisivity D). 

A prediction of the course of sorption-desorption phenomena in encapsulant materials related to cyclic variations in the ambient envirohment during photooxldative degradation must consider a number of contributing factors and the interplay between those factors. The "normal" dependence of diffusion and sorption parameters can be expressed by the following simple relationships ... 

The range of surface sorption and desorption and the change in interface sorption to be expected changes when the sorption and diffusion parameters are constants (D(o), S(o)), when they exhibit concentration-dependence (5)(D(c), S(p)), when the diffusion parameter decreases and the sorption parameter increases as a result of degradation (D(o), S(o)), degrade), and the effect of degradation with a concentration-dependence of sorption and diffusion (D(c), S(p), degrade). 

Transport parameters, sorption parameters, including the composite Freundlich sorption isotherm, initial pool sizes, root uptake kinetics as well as root hair parameters were measured for the experimental conditions of the... 

Sorption parameters for labile pool (curve with three branches) ... 

Table 10.1 Sorption parameters of various sorbates on hypercrosslinked polymers prepared by crosslinking linear polystyrene with p-xylylene dichloride...

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