Microreactor design

M., Zengerle, R., a modular microreactor design for high-temperature catalytic oxidation reactions, in Ehreeld,... 

Fig. la-e. Selected microreactors, a Stainless steel microreactor system designed by Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik. b Glass microreactor (Watts and Haswell 2005). c Stainless steel microreactor of the CYTOS Lab system (http //www.cpc-net.com/cytosls.shtml). d Silicon-based microreactor designed by Jensen (Ratner et al. 2005). e Glass microreactor of the AFRICA System... 

Various reactor types have been used as the foundation for microreactor designs, including coated wall reactors, packed-bed reactors, structured catalyst reactors, and membrane reactors. 

Since it will take several years to realize such an integral software toolbox, individual approaches with separate steps have to be applied to meet gradually the requirements of microreactor design. Standard software for computational fluid dynamics is directly applicable in this context, and there are also powerful software tools for the simulation of special steps in microfabrication processes. However, there has been rather little experience with materials for microreactors, optimization of microreactor design, and, in particular, the treatment of interdependent effects. Consequently, a profound knowledge of the basic properties and phenomena of microreaction technology just described is absolutely essential for the successful design of microreaction devices. 

A quite different, but realistic, approach to temperature control and efficient mixing involves the use of microreactors [129,130,132,133] a simple design is shown in Figure 2.26 [129]. These techniques are under active development but microreactor designs are now available that could be used on an industrial scale for the efficient and safe use of fluorine. 

Doku, G.N. Verboom, W. Reinhoudt, D.N. van den Berg, A. On-microchip multiphase chemistry— a review of microreactor design principles and reagent contacting modes. Tetrahedron. 2004, 61 (11), 2733-2742. 

The microreactor design was constrained by the requirement that all electrical and fluidic connections between the microreactor and other system components be implemented using so-called packaging methods that were easy-to-use while maintaining process robustness. The microreactor and any supporting components had to be heated so they could safely operate above the dew points of the feed and product stream compositions, thereby preventing any product condensation from the gas-phase. For these reasons, a simplihed methodology was required that facilitated microreactor removal and replacement. 

This section compares typical AIMS microreactor performance results for both CH4 oxidation and NHj oxidation in separate sequences of experiments. The oxidation of NHj reaction placed lower demands on the microreactor design and control system since nearly complete conversion could be obtained at less than 300 °C. However, the GC analysis of the NHj oxidation products... 

Similarly, small amounts of N2O are detected at approximately 400 C, and this product was observed during most of the ammonia oxidation trials. Srinivasan et al. (1997) and Srinivasan (1998) did not report the presence of N2O during studies on the oxidation of NHj in a prototype MIT microreactor design. This may have been due to an overlap with CO2 since these species have the same molecular weights. 

Today, multiple microreactor designs have been reported for the aerobic oxidation of organic compounds. Most of the reactors are built out of simple polymer or stainless steel tubing, assembled together as prototype reactor concepts. But also multigram to kilogram-scale reactor setups have been reported, with automated control and inhne purification methods. 

Fig. 3 Schematic images of representative microreactor designs for nanoparticle synthesis...

Figure 6.14 Membrane microreactor designed. (Adapted from Ref. [67].)...

Abstract Process intensification (PI) is the future direction for the chemical and process industries and in this chapter, two key technologies to achieve this are discussed microreactors and so-caUed membrane microreactors (MMRs).There is great potential to enhance the overall efficiency of microreactors by integrating them with membrane technologies to make MMRs and there are tremendous opportunities for the application of MMRs in many fields. This chapter reviews microreactor design, fabrication and apphcations as well as materials for micromembranes (MM). The integration of MMs with microreactors and the applications of the resulting MMRs are then discussed. 

O. Tonomura, Simulation and analytical modeling for microreactor design, in Micro Process Engineering, ed. N. 

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