Microorganisms genetics

Omer, C.A., and Gibbs, J.B. (1994). Protein prenylation in eukaryotic microorganisms genetics, biology and biochemistry. Mol Microbiol 11 219-225. 

Genetic disorders Genetic engineering Genetic identification of microorganisms Genetic testing... 

The stage was set for the fifth period of the industry by genetic engineering (qv) discoveries (5—7), ie, the in vitro manipulation of microorganisms. 

Microorganisms Primary mutation Genetic markers or culture conditions which Yield, mg/mL References... 

K. Nakayama, Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms, Vol. 1 (Bacteria), Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1973, p. 219. 

Live vaccines are normally weakened strains that do not cause diseases in the host, but stiU can stimulate the immune response. A typical example is the poho vaccine. The weakening of microorganisms or attenuation of the vims or bacteria can be accompHshed by passage through different substrates and/or at different temperatures. Modem genetic engineering techniques can also be used to attenuate a vims or bacterium. 

A Chinese pubHcation (47) with 17 references reviews the use of genetically engineered microorganisms for the production of L-ascorbic acid and its precursor, 2-KGA (49). For example, a 2-keto-L-gulonic acid fermentation process from sorbose has been pubUshed with reported yields over 80% (50). 

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