Microorganisms and biotechnology

F. Oppermann-Sanio, A. Steinbiichel, Occurrence, functions and biosynthesis of polyamides in microorganisms and biotechnological production, Naturwissenschaften 89 (2002) 11-22. 

Bionanocomposites Using Biodegradable Polymers from Microorganisms and Biotechnology... 

It is well known that pine enzymes change then behaviour and stability when they are immobilised. In the past two decades the immobilisation of microorganisms, cells and parts of cells has gradually been introduced into microbiology and biotechnology. The cell immobilisation techniques are modifications of the techniques developed for enzymes. However, the larger size of microbes has influenced the techniques. As for immobilised enzymes, two broad types of method have been used to immobilise microorganisms attachment to a support and entrapment. 

Madigan M.T., Mastinks J.M. Parker J. (1997) Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. Brock s Biology cf Microorganisms, 8th edn. London Prentice Hall. 

Antranikian, G., Vorgias, C.E. and Bertoldo, C. (2005) Extreme environments as a resource for microorganisms and novel biocatalysts. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, 96, 219-262. 

Taylor, M. W., Radax, R., Steger, D., and Wagner, M. (2007). Sponge-associated microorganisms Evolution, ecology, and biotechnological potential. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 71, 295-347. 

Since not only the isolation from nature but also biotechnological processes (the use of microorganisms and enzymes) are a source of natural flavours [5], the term bioflavours will be used. 

R. Margesin and F. Schinner, Potential of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms for biotechnology, Extremophiles 2001, 5, 73-83. 

In Europe, the bio-industries are associated in EuropaBio. This organization submitted in 2003 six studies within "White Biotechnology" to a number of independent peer reviewers. All studies of processes making use of microorganisms and enzymes in producing industrial antibiotics, vitamins, detergents, bioplastics, and fibers (Figure 16.5) seemed to save... 

Onifade, A. A., Al-Sane, N. A., Al-Musallam, A. A., and Al-Arban, S. (1998). A review Potentials for biotechnological applications of keratin-degrading microorganisms and their enzymes for nutritional improvement of feathers and other keratins as livestock feed resources. Biores. Technol. 66, 1-11. Owsley, D. W. (1992). Multidisciplinary investigation of two iron coffin burials, in Proceedings of the 1st World Congress on Mummy Studies, Cabildo de Tenerife, 605-614. 

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