Microfabrication plant

Today s use of microtechnical products microfabrication techniques general advantages of micro flow parallelization for screening steep transport gradients plant safety numbering-up industrial response outlook on market [222]. 

However, microfabrication methods that are usually unfamiliar to chemical engineers have to be introduced to profit comprehensively from microreaction technology. This transition from standard manufacturing methods of plant components to the development and production of microdevices is also inevitably connected with the application of special materials that are not yet proven in chemical engineering. In addition, novel design rules that have not existed until now should be implemented for the long term to speed up the development of novel devices. 

It is customary, mainly owing to fabrication needs, that for biological applications chip-like systems with two-layer construction are used, thus being in-plane. Mixers used for the same purposes have to adjust to this fact. Since multi-lamination typically needs several layers to achieve the proper feeding pathways, other mixers with simpler designs such as the electrokinetic instability mixer need to be applied [25], In contrast, chemical applications, where the mixer is only associated with part of the plant and not integrated in a small, flat device, do not pose such preferences indeed, multi-layer microfabrication architectures have been used. 

Microscreening is a method of filtration that uses fabric as the filtering medium. Microscreens (microstrainers) usually consist of a special metallic or plastic fabric mounted on the periphery of a revolving drum. The untreated water flows into the drum and radiates outward through the microfabric, leaving behind the suspended solids removed by the cloth. The solids retained on the inside of the rotating screen are carried upward to a row of backwash jets that flush them into a hopper, which is mounted on a hollow axle of the drum, for return to the treatment plant. 

The applications of microneedles are many and varied. In the fields of genetic engineering and molecular and cell biology, it is desired to develop a method to introduce peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, DNA, and other probes into ceDs to alter their functions. For this purpose, microneedles can be applied for the delivery of molecules through impermeable membranes into cells. It has been demonstrated that microfabricated needle arrays could be used to deliver DNA into plant and mammalian cells, inducing cell transformation. 

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