Metric system energy unit

Let s use the international metric system units for this calculation. In this system, the energy ( ) is given in joules (7). A Joule is the amount of work done that will produce the power of one watt continuously for one second. It is roughly the amount of energy required to lift one kilogram 10 centimeters. Mass (m) in the equation is in kilograms, and the speed of light (c) is in meters per second. 

Although organic chemistry is a mature subject, different energy units, different abbreviations for metric units of volume and different systems of nomenclature, for example, are still commonly used. We have been consistent within chapters in these respects and follow common usage within each particular area, but uniformity has not been imposed upon the book as a whole. 

Watt (Thermal) A unit of power in the metric system, expressed in terms of energy per second, equal to the work done at a rate of one joule per second. 

The metric system consists of a base unit and (sometimes) a prefix multiplier. Most scientists and healthcare providers use the metric system, and you are probably familiar with the common base units and prefix multipliers. The base units describe the type of quantity measured length, mass, or time. The SI system is sometimes called the MKS (meter, kilogram, second) system, because these are the standard units of length, mass, and time upon which derived quantities, such as energy, pressure, and force, are based. An older system is called the CGS (centimeter, gram, second) system. The derived CGS units are becoming extinct. Therefore, we will focus on the MKS units. 

The measures of length, volume, mass, energy, and temperature are used to evaluate our physical and chemical environment. Table 2.2 compares the metric system with the more recently accepted SI system (International System of Units). The laboratory equipment associated with obtaining these measures is also listed. 

In all of tlie energy-balance equations so far written, the energy unit is presumed to be tliejoule, in accord witlitlie SI system of units. For the metric engineering system of units, tlie kinetic- and potential-energy terms, wherever tliey appear, require divisionby the dimensional constant gc (Secs. 1.4 and 1.8). In tliis event Eq. (2.32a), for example, is written ... 

The SI base units are summarized in Table 1.12. The SI units comprise a rigorously coherent form of the metric system, i.e., all remaining units may be derived from the base units using formulas that do not involve any numerical factors. For example, the unit of force is the newton (N) a 1-N force will accelerate a 1-kg mass at 1 m/s2. Hence 1 N = 1 kgm/s2. The unit of pressure is the N/m2, often referred to as the pascal. In the SI system there is one unit of energy (thermal, mechanical, or electrical), the joule (J) 1 J = 1 N-m. The unit for energy rate, or power, is joules per second (J/s), where one J/s is equivalent to one watt (1 J/s = 1 W). 

In the metric system the calorie is defined as the amount of energy (heat) required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree. The "calorie" with which you are probably familiar is used to measure the energy content of food and is actually a kilocalorie (1000 calories), written with a capital C (Calorie) to distinguish it from the calorie used in chemistry. The joule (an SI unit) can be most conveniently defined in terms of the calorie ... 

JOULE - The unit used to measure heat, work, and energy in the metric system. Its symbol is J. It is the amount of energy required to move an object of 1 kg mass to a height of 1 m. Also called a newton-metre. 

The last units discussed at this point are derived units of energy. Other units will be introduced later in the book as they are needed. The metric system unit of energy is a joule (J), pronounced jewl. A joule is quite small, as shown by the fact that a 50-watt light bulb uses 50 J of energy every second. A typical household in the United States uses several billion joules of electrical energy in a month. 

Work may also be done by moving an electric charge in an electric field. A unit of electrical work that is recognized in the metric system is the ELECTRON VOLT, eV, which is the kinetic energy acquired by 1 electron (1,60 X coulomb) when it is accelerated in an electric field produced by a potential diflference of 1 volt ... 

Design a GUI that enables the user to convert from the engineering (American) to metric (SI) system of units for the following physical quantities length, mass, density, volume, force, energy, speed, and power. Refer to any standard textbook in chemical engineering to pick up the proper unit(s) in the US and SI systems and the required conversion factor from and to the SI system. 

The unit of toughness is a very important parameter used in fracture mechanics. Toughness, K, is the property of a material to absorb energy, hi the U.S. Customary system, this unit is expressed as ksiVin. When using the metric SI system, many people use MPa An, mainly because it is closer in value to the U.S. Customary unit. The m denotes meters. The critical value of the mode stress intensity, Kj, at which fracture occurs is a function of the maximum uniform membrane stress. In the SI system, stress is usually denoted as MPa (N/mm ). Since the stress unit MPa is 1.0 N/mm, the unit for toughness becomes... 

The 1990 Amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act require a 50% reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions by the year 2000. Electric power stations are beheved to be the source of 70% of all sulfur dioxide emissions (see Power generation). As of the mid-1990s, no utiUties were recovering commercial quantities of elemental sulfur ia the United States. Two projects had been aimounced Tampa Electric Company s plan to recover 75,000—90,000 metric tons of sulfuric acid (25,000—30,000 metric tons sulfur equivalent) aimuaHy at its power plant ia Polk County, Elorida, and a full-scale sulfur recovery system to be iastaHed at PSl Energy s Wabash River generating station ia Terre Haute, Indiana. Completed ia 1995, the Terre Haute plant should recover about 14,000 t/yr of elemental sulfur. 

As previously reported, membrane contactors present interesting advantages with respect to traditional units. Moreover, they well respond to the main targets of the process intensification, such as to develop systems of production with lower equipment-size/production-capacity ratio, lower energy consumption, lower waste production, higher efficiency. In order to better identify the potentialities of membrane contactors in this logic, they have been recently compared to traditional devices for the sparkling-water production in terms of new defined indexes [24]. In particular, the comparison has been made at parity of plant capacity and quality of final product. The metrics used for the comparison between membranes and traditional units are ... 

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