Methylphenidate Narcotics

Pentazocine (Talwin) (see also page 252) Street Names Crackers, poor man s h oin, T s and R s> Ts and Rits (all refer to combinations w/ Ritalin) (brands Talwin, Talwin Nx [CIV]) Use Medically used as opioid analgesic euphoria similar to heroin when mixed w/antihistamines combined w/ methylphenidate (Ritalin) is new abuse combination Actions Agonist-antagonist narcotic naloxone, a narcotic antagonist added to Talwin (Talwin NX) has reduced incidence of abuse Effects Euphoria, hallucinations, skin necrosis w/ illicit injection route... 

Because of methylphenidate s potential risk for addiction and abuse, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies it in the Schedule II category of drugs, which includes cocaine, opium, morphine, and other narcotics, and barbiturates—all drugs that carry a significant risk of abuse. To be included in the Schedule II category means the DEA must approve how much of the drug can be produced yearly. 

Tablets of medication intended for oral use contain inert filler materials such as talc (magnesium silicate), corn starch, cotton fibers, and other refractile and nonrefractile substances. Long-term drug abusers are known to prepare a suspension of medication for injection by dissolving the crushed tablet of cocaine, heroin, methylphenidate, or other narcotic in water. They then boil the solution and filter it through a crude cigarette or cotton filter before injecting the solution intravenously, subcutaneously, or intramuscularly. The talc particles eventually embolize to the retinal circulation and produce a characteristic form of retinopathy.

The initiation or dose escalation of narcotic analgesics may cause drowsiness and impair cognitive function. Tolerance usually develops fairly quickly to these side effects, but other medications that induce somnolence will produce an additive effect when taken concomitantly. If sedation remains problematic, in order to achieve adequate analgesia a psychostimulant such as caffeine, dexamphetamine, or methylphenidate may be added to counteract the side effect (22). 

Ma huang, "herbal ecstasy," other phenylpropanolamine analogues Nicotine and withdrawal, anabolic steroids, narcotic withdrawal, methylphenidate, phencyclidine, ketamine, ergotamine and other ergot-containing herbal products, St. John s wort Food Substances Sodium ... 

The amphetamines with a primarily psychoanaleptic effect are mainly subject to the narcotics laws or are no longer on the market. Medicaments such as fenetyllin (the substance most abused by young people in the mid-1980s), amfetaminil and methylphenidate are no longer used in significant quantities. Prolintane, marketed as an antihypotonic until 1994, is still occasionally used. However, the likelihood of encountering any of these today is fairly remote. 

Examples of Schedule II drugs are opiates and opioids (narcotics)—straight opiates of codeine, morphine, meperidine stimulants—amphetamine, methylphenidate depressants— amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital, or any combination, that is, Tuinal hallucinogenic substances and any immediate precursors. 

Bruera E, Chadwick S, Brenneis C, Hanson J, MacDonald RN. Methylphenidate associated with narcotics for the treatment of cancer pain. Cancer Treat Rep (1987) 71,67-70. 

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