Methylmagnesium

A solution of methylmagnesium bromide in 150 ml of diethyl ether, prepared from 0.5 mol of methyl bromide (see Chapter II, Exp. 5) was subsequently added in 20 min with cooling at about 20°C. After the addition the mixture was warmed for 2 h under reflux (the thermometer and gas outlet were replaced with a reflux condenser), a black slurry being formed on the bottom of the flask. The mixture was cooled in a bath of dry-ice and acetone and a solution of 30 g of ammonium chlori.de in 200 ml of water was added with vigorous stirring. The organic layer and four ethereal extracts were combined, dried over potassium carbonate and subsequently concentrated in a water-pump vacuum. Careful distillation of the residue through a 40-cm... 

The reaction of l,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-l,3-butadiyne (174) with disilanes, followed by treatment with methylmagnesium bromide, produces i,l,4,4-tetra(-trimethylsilyl)-l,2,3-butatriene (175) as a major product[96]. The reaction of octaethyltetrasilylane (176) with DMAD proceeds by ring insertion to give the six-membered ring compounds 177 and 178[97], The l-sila-4-stannacyclohexa-2,5-diene 181 was obtained by a two-step reaction of two alkynes with the disilanylstannane 179 via the l-sila-2-stannacyclobutane 180[98],... 

Make a molecular model of 7 7 dimethylbicyclo[2 2 l]heptan 2 one Two diastereomenc alcohols may be formed when it reacts with methylmagnesium bromide Which one is formed in greater amounts ... 

Fig. 2. Preparation of 1,1-diphenylethanol from methylmagnesium chloride and ben2ophenone, phenylmagnesium chloride and acetophenone, or...

Cyanopyridazines add ammonia, primary and secondary amines and hydroxylamine to give amidines or amidoximes. Substituted amides, thioamides and carboximidates can be also prepared. With hydrazine, 3-pyridazinylcarbohydrazide imide is formed and addition of methylmagnesium iodide with subsequent hydrolysis of the imine affords the corresponding pyridazinyl methyl ketone. 

The addition of methylmagnesium iodide to 2-phenylpropanal is stereoselective in producing twice as much syn-3-phenyl-2-butanol as the anti isomer (entry 5). The stereoselective formation of a particular configuration at a new stereogenic center in a reaction of a chiral reactant is called asymmetric induction. This particular case is one in which the stereochemistry can be predicted on the basis of an empirical correlation called Cram s rule. The structural and mechanistic basis of Cramls rule will be discussed in Chapter 3. 

Smid and coworkers have developed a straightforward and effective method for the synthesis of 4 -vinylbenzo-15-crown-5. In this method, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde is converted into the crown in the usual fashion and then the side chain is transformed by successive treatment with methylmagnesium bromide and then toluenesulfonic acid to effect dehydration. The overall yield is about 20%. 

The stereochemistry of the 1,4-addition to A -octal-l-one and 1,1-di-methyl-A -octal-2-one has been investigated by House and Marshall, respectively. In summary, steric and stereoelectronic factors play a part in the mechanism of conjugate addition of Grignard compounds. With methylmagnesium iodide, the introduction of an axial methyl group into steroidal 5a-A -3-ketones (3) and 5 -A -3-ketones (6) is favored by stereo-electronic factors in the transition state. 

The Grignard reagent attacks the unsaturated ketones (3) and (6) from the relatively unhindered ot- or jS-side, respectively, perpendicular to the plane of the conjugated system. An analogous transition state (10) leading to axially substituted 1,6-addition products (11) from A -3-ketones (9) with methylmagnesium halide was suggested by Marshall. ... 

Reaction of 17j -acetoxy-3,3-ethylenedioxy-5a-androstan-l-one (1) with methylmagnesium bromide followed by treatment with acid and reacetylation affords the 1-methyl-A -3-ketone (3). The configuration of carbon-1 of the intermediate (2) has not been established/ ... 

In the presence of an axial la-hydroxyl group methylmagnesium iodide reacts with 3-keto-5a-steroids from the j5-side exclusively to yield the 3f -methyl isomer. ... 

The action of methylmagnesium iodide on 3-pyrrolidino-A -4-ketones (19) gives the 4a-methyl-4l -hydroxy steroids (20). ... 

Reaction of methylmagnesium halide with the 6-ketones (26), (27) and (28) yields the 6a-methyl-6/ -hydroxy compounds. 

Treatment of the 6,11-diketo dioxolane (29) with methylmagnesium iodide in benzene-ether solution at room temperature gives the carbinol (30) in 70% yield. The 11-keto group is not attacked under these conditions. ... 

The 7a-methyl-7 -hydroxy compound (32) was obtained from reaction of (31) with 3 moles of methylmagnesium iodide for 16 hours at room temperature followed by 2 hours reflux. 

Addition of methylmagnesium bromide or methyllithium to 21-acetoxy-3,3 20,20-bisethylenedioxy-17a-hydroxypregn-5-ene-7,l 1-dione and subsequent acid treatment affords 7-methyl-A -cortisone. ... 

The 11-keto group is relatively difficult to attack, due to steric hindrance. However, reaction of 3j -hydroxy-5a-androstane-l 1,17-dione (37) with methylmagnesium bromide at 25° unexpectedly gives a 30% yield of 1 la,17a-dimethyl-5a-androstane-3j5,lljS,17i -triol (38) in addition to the 17-monomethyl product (39). 

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