Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. See Ecstasy

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. See ecstasy Synthetic opioid medication used as a so-called heroin substitute ... 

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine see Ecstasy French blues see Amphetamines Fresh see PCP (phencyclidine)... 

In other respects the storage of 5-HT resembles that of noradrenaline with its uptake by vesicles resting on energy-dependent, vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) (see Chapter 8). Functional disruption of this transporter, either through competitive inhibition (e.g. by methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy )) or dissipation... 

Stimulant drugs commonly abused in the USA include methamphetamine ("crank," "crystal"), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"), and cocaine ("crack") as well as pharmaceuticals such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) and ephedrine (as such and in the herbal agent Ma-huang) (see Chapter 32). Caffeine is often added to dietary supplements sold as "metabolic enhancers" or "fat-burners" and is also sometimes combined with pseudoephedrine in underground pills sold as amphetamine substitutes. 

As it can be observed in Fig. 2, three out of the 16 investigated compounds, namely, heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and its metabolite 2-oxo, 3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD), were not detected in any wastewater sample. Two other target analytes, 6-acetyl morphine (6ACM) and A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), were only present in influent wastewaters and with low detection frequencies. The most ubiquitous compounds, present in all influent and effluent wastewater samples analyzed, were the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine, and the amphetamine-like compounds ephedrine (EPH) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy). Cocaine, cocaethylene (CE, transesterification product of cocaine formed after the joint consumption of cocaine and ethanol), and morphine (MOR) were detected in all influent, but not in all effluent wastewaters (see Fig. 2). 

A fatal interaction between ritonavir and MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ecstasy) has been reported in an HIV-positive man (see Henry et ah, 1998). The patient had allegedly taken MDMA on several occasions without untoward effects. However, several weeks after ritonavir was added to his regular medication with zidovudine and lamivudine, he took some MDMA for recreational purposes and died of a cardiorespiratory arrest within hours. Toxicology showed that the plasma MDMA concentration was about ten times that expected from the ingested dose. Inhibition of CYP2D6, the principal pathway for MDMA metabolism, by ritonavir was thought to be the most likely cause. 

---