Methyl 2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate

PET is the polyester of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. Polyesters are prepared by either direct esterification or transesterification reactions. In the direct esterification process, terephthalic acid is reacted with ethylene glycol to produce PET and water as a by-product. Transesterification involves the reaction of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst (usually a metal carboxylate) to form bis(hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) and methyl alcohol as a by-product. In the second step of transesterification, BHET... 

CO, CHi. CO2, ethylene, acetylene, ethane. H2O. propylene, ethanal acetone, propanal, ethanol, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, p-vinyltoluene, benzaldehyde, p-ethyl-totuene acetophenone, methyl benzoate, vinyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, p-methyl-acetophenone. benzoic acid, p-methyl vinyl benzoate, p-vinylacetophenone, propyl benzoate, p-ethyl vinyl benzoate, p-vinyl vinyl benzoate, biphenyl. 1-hydroxyethyl benzoate, diacetylbenzene. p-acetyl vinyl benzoate, divinyl terephthalate. ethyl vinyl terephthalate. ethyl vinyl terephthalate, p-acetyibenzoic acid, methyl 1-hydroxyethyl terephthalate. ethylene dibenzoate... 

Transesterification n. In the production of polyester from dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol, the process of exchanging ethylene glycol for the methyl groups to obtain bis-p-hydroxyethyl terephthalate. The methanol generated in the reaction is removed as it is formed to drive the reaction to completion. 

Until 2003, Chen s [28], Qu s [29-31], and Hu s [32] groups independently reported nanocomposites with polymeric matrices for the first time the. In Hsueh and Chen s work, exfoUated polyimide/LDH was prepared by in situ polymerization of a mixture of aminobenzoate-modified Mg-Al LDH and polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) in N,N-dimethylactamide [28]. In other work, Chen and Qu successfully synthesized exfoliated polyethylene-g-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA)/LDH nanocomposites by refluxing in a nonpolar xylene solution of PE-g-MA [29,30]. Then, Li et al. prepared polyfmethyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/MgAl LDH by exfoliation/adsorption with acetone as cosolvent [32]. Since then, polymer/LDH nanocomposites have attracted extensive interest. The wide variety of polymers used for nanocomposite preparation include polyethylene (PE) [29, 30, 33 9], polystyrene (PS) [48, 50-58], poly(propylene carbonate) [59], poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [60-62], poly(vinyl chloride) [63], syndiotactic polystyrene [64], polyurethane [65], poly[(3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-(3-hydroxyvalerate)] [66], polypropylene (PP) [48, 67-70], nylon 6 [9,71,72], ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) [73-77], poly(L-lactide) [78], poly(ethylene terephthalate) [79, 80], poly(caprolactone) [81], poly(p-dioxanone) [82], poly(vinyl alcohol) [83], PMMA [32,47, 48, 57, 84-93], poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [94], poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) [95], polyimide [28], and epoxy [96-98]. These nanocomposites often exhibit enhanced mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrical properties and flame retardancy. Among them, the thermal properties and flame retardancy are the most interesting and will be discussed in the following sections. 

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