Method, Andrew

In this section, we try to propose a new method to calculate the drag force with consideration of subgrid, mesoscale structure by using the local information of particle positions. In principle, this method is compatible with all kinds of DPMs mentioned above. In order to save computing time, we choose the coarse-grained, MP-PIC method (Andrews and Orourke, 1996 Snider, 2001) as a representative to test this method. 

Demidov A A 1999 Use of Monte-Carlo method in the problem of energy migration in molecular complexes Resonance Energy Transfer e6 D L Andrews and A A Demidov (New York Wiley) pp 435-65... 

P. R. Andrews, in H. Kubinyi, ed., 31) in Drug Design Theory, Methods and Applications, ESCOM Science Pubhshers, the Netherlands, 1993,... 

Estimation of Other Alkaloids in Opium. Of the other alkaloids the most important is codeine, and processes for its estimation in opium have been described by Cespari, Andrews,and Annett and co-workers methods for its assay in admixture with other drugs in tablets and other products are also available. The estimation of papaverine has been described by Issekutz,i and of narcotine by Snesarov. As to methods for the separation and estimation of two or more of these subsidiary alkaloids, codeine and narcotine have been dealt with by van der Widen,narcotine and papaverine by Annett and Bose, ( and the bromination of codeine and narceine has been studied by Vaisberg et al. with a view to estimation by this means. 

Surface Characterization Methods Principles, Techniques, and Applications, edited by Andrew J. Milling... 

This method, which had already been recognized in 1953 by Andrew and his co-workers 4), eliminates dipolar broadening and brings forth spectra almost analogous, to those of the low-viscous liquid state. Therefore, it also permits the use of chemical shifts for the identification of nuclei in different chemical environments and motional states. 

Andrews KM, Cramer RD. Toward general methods of targeted library design topomer shape similarity searching with diverse structures as queries. / Med Chem 2000 43 1723-40. 

In vitro studies by Wilson et al. (1986) using the impinging jet method show the EBA cement to be the least resistant of all the cement types to erosion in neutral solution. Clinical studies confirm this result and show that there is greater dissolution in the mouth than for other dental cements (Mitchem Gronas, 1978 Osborne et al., 1978 Andrews and Hembree, 1976 Shilling, 1977). Despite this, a clinical survey by Silvey and Myers... 

Drawing on this representation, an approach has been described to systematically describe selection of food products to evaluate the applicability of collaboratively studied methods over a range of food matrices (Wolf and Andrews 1995). A food matrix is described by its location in one of the nine sectors in the triangle. Foods falling within the same sector are chemically similar and thus should behave in a similar analytical manner. This same scheme can be used to select food matrices representing each sector for development of a series of RMs representing all foods. 

Rejeb et al. described the development and characterization of immunoafflnity columns for the selective extraction of thifluzamide in peanuts. Efficient recovery was achieved using a simple elution profile requiring only 4 mL of methanol-wafer. De Jager and Andrews " described a novel fasf screening method for organochlorine... 

Ferritins have been found in a wide range of species, and sequence data - some, as in the first ever sequence of horse spleen apoferritin (Heusterspreute and Crichton, 1981) determined by direct methods, but many now by DNa sequencing 1, have been deposited for more than 70 ferritins. They vary in length from 154-185 residues per subunit. Some ferritins have N-terminal extensions which lie on the outside of the assembled shell and target the ferritin to a specific destination such as plastids in plants and yolk sac in snails (Andrews etah, 1992 Lobreaux etah, 1992). For example, pea ferritin is synthesized with an N-terminal extension of 75 residues, which is missing from the mature protein. The first part of this extension is a chloroplast-targetting sequence of 47 residues, which is lost on entry into the plastid. The second part, an extension peptide, is lost prior to assembly of the... 

Enzymic methods are usually very specific and sensitive. Unfortunately the only methods in the literature for carbohydrates are all for glucose. Hicks and Carey [163] reported such a method, with a fluorometric final measurement, which was down to 3 x 10 8 M. Andrews and Williams [ 164] used a preconcentration step, sorption onto charcoal, elution, and a final determination with glucose oxidase. 

Hanson PJ, Edwards NT, Garten CT, Andrews JA (2000) Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration a review of methods and observations. Biogeochem 48 115-146... 

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study flow patterns in reactors as well as to perform spatially resolved spectroscopy is reviewed by Lynn Gladden, Michael Mantle, and Andrew Sederman (University of Cambridge). This method allows even unsteady-state processes to be studied because of the rapid data acquisition pulse sequence methods that can now be used. In addition, MRI can be used to study systems with short nuclear spin relaxation times—e.g., to study coke distribution in catalytic reactors. 

Andrew R. Leach, A Survey of Methods for Searching the Conformational Space of Small and Medium-Sized Molecules. 

Taking into account the limitations discussed in the preceding section, the constants determined by various methods for a series of homologous compounds may be compared with one another and, if related to a reference substance, may be represented in the form of a basicity scale. In general, p-xylene has been chosen as the reference substance within the series of benzene derivatives (Andrews, 1964). In Table 15 benzene is taken as equal to 1, since this aromatic substance has been measured... 

A lot of work (Opahle et al, 2000 Andrew et al, 2002a,b Muscat et al, 2002 Edelbro et al, 2003) has been performed on bulk and surface properties of FeS2 using various kinds of density functional theory. These works have shown that such methods are capable of producing calculated bulk properties such as lattice constants which agree well with experiment, and has provided a reference for the study of pyrite surfaces. 

Shapiro Wilks W-test for normal data Shapiro Wilks W-test for exponential data Maximum studentlzed residual Median of deviations from sample median Andrew s rho for robust regression Classical methods of multiple comparisons Multivariate methods... 

Identification of free radicals. The existence of free radicals in carbon has been shown by electron spin resonance (e.s.r.) techniques by a large number of scientists, notably by Bennett, Ingram, and Tapley (95), Etienne and Uebersfeld (96a), Uebersfeld etal. (966),andMrozowski and Andrew (97). It is not possible to summarize here all publications dealing with e.s.r. measurements on carbon. Attempts at chemical identification by combination with free radicals were made. The reaction with benzidine blue was used by Garten and Sutherland (98). The reagent is obtained by controlled oxidation of benzidine. It is very unstable, however, and other methods proved to be better suited. 

Andrews, P.R. Drug-receptor interactions. In 3D-QSAR in Drug Design. Theory, Methods and Applications, Kubinyi, H. (Ed.). ESCOM, Leiden, NL, 1993, 13-40. 

Andrews JM (2009) BSAC standardized disc susceptibility testing method (version 8). J Antimicrob Chemother 64(3) 454 89... 

Review articles by Gutowsky (6), Shoolery and Weaver (7), Hutchison (8), McConnell (9), and Wertz (10) on magnetic resonance contain many references to applications of the method. Books by Andrew (11) and L6sche (13) and a review by Pake (13) also contain much information. More recently, a book by Saha and Das (13a) and a review by Fraenkel and Segal (13b) have appeared. 

Jacobson, A. P., Thunberg, R. L., Johnson, M. L., Hammack, T. S., and Andrews, W. H. (2004). Alternative anaerobic enrichments to the bacteriological analytical manual culture method for isolation of Shigella sonnei from selected types of fresh produce. J. AOAC Int. 87,1115-1122. 

Hofmann R, Andrews RC, Ye Q. 1998. Comparison of spectrophotometric methods for measuring chlorine dioxide in drinking water. Environ Technol 19 761-773. 

American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation. 1999. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20 ed. Edited Arnold E. Greenberg, Lenore S. Clesceri, and Andrew D. Easton. Washington, DC American Public Health Association. 

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