Production From methanol

Methanol. If methanol is to compete with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel it must be readily available and inexpensively produced. Thus methanol production from a low-cost feed stock such as natural gas [8006-14-2] or coal is essential (see Feedstocks). There is an abundance of natural gas (see Gas, natural) woddwide and reserves of coal are even greater than those of natural gas. 

A. Stratton, D. F. Hemming, and M. Teper, Methanol Production from Natural Gas or Coal, report no. E4/82, International Energy Agency Coal Research, London, 1982. 

However, there are several issues with widespread methanol usage. Methanol production from natural gas is relatively inefficient ( 67%), and this largely offsets the vehicular improvement in efficiency and carbon dioxide reduction (since gasoline can be made with "85% efficiency from oil). Additionally, the PEM fuel cell demands very pure methanol, which is difficult to deliver using existing oil pipelines and may require a new fuel distribution infrastructure. 

FIGURE 8. Methanol production from various doped WO3 photocatalysts. WO3 dopants of... 

Dong, Y. Steinberg, M., Hynol—an economical process for methanol production from biomass and natural gas with reduced C02 emission. In 10th World Hydrogen Energy Conference, Block, D. L., Veziroglu, T. N. Eds., Beach, Florida, June 20-24,1994, pp. 495-504. 

Schuth s group developed in the past a number of reactors similar to conventional testing methods with different degrees of sample integration. For multiphase reactions a 25-fold stirrer vessel reactor was developed [70] and for heterogeneous gas-phase reactions a 16-fold fixed-bed reactor was presented [71], which was later followed by a 49-fold parallel reactor [135], The reactor in Figure 3.42 was used for methanol production from Syngas at up to 50 bar and was essentially an improved version of the 49-fold reactor described in [135],... 

Investments. Several studies have been published, evaluating the investment costs of methanol production from coal, lignite and biomass. The set of values have been selected as shown in Table IV ... 

Table 124 summarizes the economic data available on methanol production from various feedstocks and by various processes. 

The mixture on the left-hand side of (2.25) is called "synthesis gas". More details on the methanol production from biomass may be foimd in Sorensen (2004a). 

Borgwardt, R. (1998). Methanol production from biomass and natural gas as transportation fuel. Industrial Eng. Chem. Res. 37,3760-3767. 

Zhang, Q., He, D., Li, J., Xu, B., Liang, Y., Zhu, Q. (2002). Comparatively high yield methanol production from gas phase partial oxidation of methane. Appl Catalysis A General 224, 201-207. 

Fig. I Schematic flow of methanol production from biomass.

Methanol production from COj/Hj over Cu/Zn/Al-1 in the microflow reactor (initial activities)... 

Table 2. Methanol production from COj/H at differential conversion ...

Table 3. Methanol production from COj/Hj (differential conversion), COj/Hj + H O (differential conversion) and COj/Hj (finite conversion, internal recycle reactor)...

A review of die literature showed that the following chemical reactions are accepted for production of methanol from syn-gas. The reactions included are methanol production from hydrogen and CO, water gas shift reaction, and the production of methanol from COa-hydrogenation. 

These, and other developments may ultimately lead to considerable savings in methanol production from natural gas. 

Methanol Production. Kinetics Surface Science, and Mechanisms Methanol production from CO, CO2, and H2 is an industrial process that yields about 3 X 10 kg per day. The relevant thermodynamic parameters for the two reactions are [127]... 

GriUo Reno ML, Silva Lora EE, Escobar Palacio JC, Venturini OJ, Buchgeister J, Almazan O. A LCA (life cyde assessment) of the methanol production from sugarcane bagasse. Energy 2011 36(6) 3716-26. 

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